Worldwide concerns about sulfur oxide (SOx) emissions from ships are motivating the replacement of marine residual oil (RO) with cleaner, lower-sulfur fuels, such as marine gas oil (MGO) and marine diesel oil (MDO). Vessel operators can use MGO and MDO directly or blended with RO to achieve environmental and economic objectives. Although expected to be much cleaner in terms of criteria pollutan...

The analysis of organic solvents by ICP-MS is challenging due to their high carbon content and volatility. Naphthas are an important class of organic liquids produced in the petrochemical industry, byproducts of the crude-oil refining process. Because they are organic based and have a variety of compositions, naphthas present a special challenge for ICP-MS analysis: the carbon causes polyatomic...

We discuss three emerging technologies for process enterprise optimization, using a different application domain as an example in each case. The first topic is cross-functional integration on a model predictive control (MPC) foundation, in which a coordination layer is added to dynamically integrate unit-level MPCs. Enterprise optimization for oil refining is used to illustrate the concept. We ...

A number of significant structures NH3 (H2O) n (n= 1- 6) clusters have been identified by the quantum chemical methods ( RHF/3-21G, RHF/6-31G**, В3LYP/6-31G**, MP2/6-31G**). The cluster’s geometry configurations and intermolecular energy calculated

The major component of tomato processing industry wastes is seed. Samples of tomato (Petomech var.) pomace from industries of São Paulo state submitted to Hot and Cold Break treatments, were spontaneously fermented and washed to separate seeds. The oils were analysed for specific gravity, iodine and saponifícation numbers, refractive index, viscosity and fatty acid composition. Except for sapon...