In order to maintain the thermo-mechanical durability of ITER it is proposed to castellate the interior surface of the first wall and divertor by splitting them into small-size cells [W. Daener et al., Fusion Eng. Des. 61&62 (2002) 61]. A concern is the accumulation of fuel in the gaps of the castellation. In TEXTOR, molybdenum limiters were exposed in the scrape-off layer (SOL) plasma to asses...

We consider the effects of external nonsymmetric magnetostatic perturbations caused by resonant helical windings and a chaotic magnetic limiter on the plasma confined in a tokamak. The main purpose of both types of perturbation is to create a region in which field lines are chaotic in the Lagrangian sense: two initially nearby field lines diverge exponentially through many turns around the toka...

In this paper we propose a novel high resolution scheme for scalar nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws. The aim of high resolution schemes is to provide at least second order accuracy in smooth regions and produce sharp solutions near the discontinuities. We prove that the proposed scheme that is derived by utilizing an appropriate flux limiter is nonlinear stable in the sense of total varia...

generate very wide bandwidth waveforms directly and efficiently. With chaos control, we can produce a vast array of waveforms that are ideal for spread-spectrum communications and for highly accurate ranging. We believe a system designed around a chaotic source can perform comparably to conventional systems while requiring far fewer components. The idea of exploiting the complexity of chaos in ...

We present a generic flux limiter to account for mass limitations from an arbitrary number of substrates in a biogeochemical reaction network. The flux limiter is based on the observation that substrate (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus) limitation in biogeochemical models can be represented as to ensure mass conservative and non-negative numerical solutions to the governing ordinary differential equ...

In this paper we demonstrate the performance of a slope limiting procedure combined with a discontinuous Galerkin (DG) finite element solver for 2D compressible Euler equations. The slope limiter can be categorized into van Albada type and is differentiable. This slope limiter is modified from a similar limiter used in finite volume solvers to suit the needs of the DG solver. The gradient in an...

This paper considers the problem of the detection of a binary phase-modulated carrier which has been transmitted along with noise through a hard-limiting repeater, corrupted by additional noise, and demodulated by cross correlation and sampling at the receiver. Three equivalent expressions are obtained for the error probability of the receiver output. Two of these expressions take the form of a...

To improve the prediction accuracy of pollutant dispersion near a source, limiter for turbulent concentration diffusivity accounting travel time is introduced into Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations (RANS) and Eulerian model. We predict in two-dimensional street canyon three-dimensional building arrays via conventional modeling based on simplified gradient diffusion hypothesis limiter. T...

This study presents a modified transient current limiter (MTCL) for mitigation the inrush current of transformers. The MTCL is based on conventional transient current limiter (TCL), which, its configuration is modified to overcome the TCL drawbacks of operation. The proposed MTCL offers lower power losses and voltage/current THD during normal operation mode. It needs only one limiting reactor i...

G/Ag2S composites were synthesized for the first time by a hydrothermal method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that Ag2S nanoparticles with a diameter of about 130 nm uniformly covered the graphene surfaces. G/Ag2S composites were dispersed in methyl methacrylate (MMA), polymerized at 75 °C for 30-35 min, and finally d...