Many theoretical and practical problems in science involve acquisition of data via indirect observations of a model or phenomena. Naturally, the observed data are determined by the physical properties of the model sought, as well as by the physical laws that govern the problem, however, they also depend on the experimental configuration. Unlike the model and the physical laws, the latter can be...

BACKGROUND AAA repair is associated with high rate of mortality and morbidity. Oesophageal Doppler (OED) can offer a less invasive cost-effective tool for intraoperative monitoring of haemodynamic changes. The aim of the study was to confirm the benefits of haemodynamic optimisation in patients undergoing AAA repair using OED monitoring. We assumed that haemodynamic parameters of patients with ...

In northern boreal region the growth of forests is slow, and yield profit are low, which why low reforestation costs important for profitable forestry. If natural regeneration successful, expensive artificial forest (planting or direct seeding) can be avoided. this study, we look at impact overstory density site preparation on seedling Scots pine. Study stands were established in different part...

PURPOSE To compare the risk of secondary cancer from scattered and leakage doses following intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) and tomotherapy (TOMO) in patients with lung cancer. METHODS IMRT, VMAT and TOMO were planned for five lung cancer patients. Organ equivalent doses (OEDs) are estimated from the measured corresponding secondary doses during irradiati...

meaning. The first OEC entry for this item, “Þhan may Þe saules in purgatory, By way of grace specialy, be delivered of pyn” (67) dates from 1340. Not until the eighteenth century are found such uses as, “I ... left the city by way of the Bowery” (OED, 1787, 69), in which the meaning is concrete, as a ‘path’ or ‘route’. This item demonstrates how the corpus approach in this study make possible ...

Experimental data play a crucial role in developing and refining models of physical systems. Some experiments can be more valuable than others, however. Well-chosen experiments can save substantial resources, and hence optimal experimental design (OED) seeks to quantify and maximize the value of experimental data. Common current practice for designing a sequence of experiments uses suboptimal a...

BACKGROUND We examined whether smoking or drinking during or before the diagnosis-year of oral cancer or oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) was related to "subsequent depression" measured months after the oral diagnosis. METHODS Incident cases of oral cancer or OED were identified via 3 oral pathology laboratories. A telephone-administered questionnaire included questions on smoking/drinking his...

Due to the frequent presence of inflammation in cases of carcinoma and its use as a parameter for the assessment of tumor aggressiveness, the role of inflammation in oral carcinogenesis was investigated. This was performed by evaluating the expression of cellular markers, cytokines and nuclear transcription factors that identify the cells that participate in the antitumor defense in cases of or...

Introduction: Oral cancer is a major health problem especially in India. In cancer, the equilibrium between proliferation and apoptosis is disturbed. The defect in apoptotic pathway allows cells to proliferate with genetic abnormalities. Thus, the aim of this study is to assess the significance of apoptotic index (AI) as a putative prognostic marker in oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) and oral s...