The oral microbiome is composed of a multitude of different species of bacteria, each capable of occupying one or more of the many different niches found within the human oral cavity. This community exhibits many types of complex interactions which enable it to colonize and rapidly respond to changes in the environment in which they live. One of these interactions is the transfer, or acquisitio...

We examined the phylogenetic distribution of cytochrome b haplotypes of the avian blood parasite genera Haemoproteus and Plasmodium across the migratory divide of the Swainson's thrush (Catharus ustulatus) in British Columbia, Canada. From 87 host individuals, we identified 8 parasite haplotypes; 4 of Plasmodium and 4 of Haemoproteus. Six haplotypes were novel; 1 Haemoproteus haplotype was iden...

care. These are excellent chapters and will be useful to clinicians evaluating specifi c syndromes. The lack of color pictures in the dermatologic and oral manifestations sections (even in the online version) is a drawback. The fi nal chapters on drug administration and medications are useful tabulations of drug interactions, dosing, and adverse events. This is an excellent comprehensive source...

Four recently introduced new oral anticoagulants (dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban) have been shown to be at least as efficacious and safe as warfarin for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation in their respective trials. The first three have been approved, while edoxaban is awaiting regulatory approval. Several guidelines have endorsed the approved new oral antico...

What is the purpose of this brief? This brief summarizes what is known on potential drug interactions between certain hormonal contraceptive methods and certain antiretrovirals (ARVs) used to treat HIV and to discuss recommendations and programmatic implications. This issue has been highlighted recently by the publication of a retrospective chart review that suggested a higher rate of pregnancy...

The effect of humoral immunity on the composition of the oral microbiota is less intensively investigated than hygiene and diet, in part due to a lack of simple and robust systems for investigating interactions between salivary immunoglobulins and oral bacteria. Here we report the application of an ex situ method to investigate the specificity of salivary immunoglobulins for salivary bacteria. ...