Oseltamivir is a substrate of P-glycoprotein, an efflux drug transporter encoded by ABCB1. The objective of this study was to assess the role of ABCB1 (c.1236C>T, c.2677G>T/A, and c.3435C>T) polymorphisms in the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir and its active metabolite, oseltamivir carboxylate in humans. Nineteen healthy male subjects were enrolled, and their ABCB1 polymorphisms were evaluated....

Influenza viruses resistant to antiviral drugs emerge frequently. Not surprisingly, the widespread treatment in many countries of patients infected with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses with the neuraminidase (NA) inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir has led to the emergence of pandemic strains resistant to these drugs. Sporadic cases of pandemic influenza have been associated with muta...

BACKGROUND Oseltamivir is the only antiviral treatment recommended for influenza in young children over the age of 1 year. There is scant data on oseltamivir pharmacokinetics (PK) in infants <1 year. We set out to perform PK measurements in infants who received oseltamivir. METHODS This study was a prospective, uncontrolled, open label evaluation of the pharmacokinetics of oseltamivir metabol...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To investigate oseltamivir and oseltamivir carboxylate pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients who were receiving continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD) and/or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). DESIGN Prospective, open-label, pharmacokinetic study. SETTING Intensive care units of an academic medical center. PATIENTS Thirteen critically ill patients aged 1...

OBJECTIVE Women in the postpartum period are at high risk for complications from influenza. Pharmacokinetic data of oseltamivir phosphate in postpartum women, however, are lacking. STUDY DESIGN Seven healthy patients within 48 hours of delivery were recruited. Each woman received 75 mg of oseltamivir phosphate. Plasma and breast milk samples were obtained at times 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and ...

Influenza is a transmissible viral pathogen that continues to cause substantial morbidity and mortality. Oseltamivir is an orally administered antiviral medication that selectively inhibits the influenza neuraminidase enzymes that are essential for viral replication. Treatment of infected children > or =1 year and adults of all ages may decrease the severity and duration of the symptoms of infe...

Seasonal influenza viruses cause annual disease epidemics that affect individuals at low and high risk for secondary illnesses. Influenza vaccines are widely used in high-risk patients to prevent infection, but the protection afforded varies by population; uptake is also limited in some groups. Antiviral drugs for influenza are now readily available. Oseltamivir is the most widely used antivira...

UNLABELLED Oseltamivir is the main antiviral for treatment and prevention of pandemic influenza. The increase in oseltamivir resistance reported recently has therefore sparked a debate on how to use oseltamivir in non pandemic influenza and the risks associated with wide spread use during a pandemic. Several questions have been asked about the fate of oseltamivir in the sewage treatment plants ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment for seasonal influenza in children and consider the impact of oseltamivir resistance on these findings. STUDY DESIGN We developed a model to evaluate 1-year clinical and economic outcomes associated with 3 outpatient management strategies for unvaccinated children with influenza-like-illness: no antiviral treatment; diagnos...

There is an unmet need for an intravenous (i.v.) neuraminidase inhibitor, particularly for patients with severe influenza who cannot take oral medication. Two phase I pharmacokinetic and safety studies of i.v. oseltamivir were carried out in healthy volunteers. The first was an open-label, randomized, four-period, two-sequence, single-dose trial of 100 mg, 200 mg, and 400 mg oseltamivir i.v. ov...