drought resistance is a very important characteristic needed for plant survival especially at germination stage, in arid and semi-arid lands. phosphatase enzymes are widely found in plants. these enzymes are responsible for dephosphorylation of organic phosphate and altering it to mineral phosphate. germination experiments were conducted in two bread wheat cultivars (sardari and alvand) under s...

Multicoated magnetite magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) with polyacrylic acid as a terminal hydrophilic ligand showed reproducibility of the composite particles when used draw solution. The tight covalent bond allows MNPs to maintain their osmotic potential after filtration.

Drying is one of the widely used methods of food preservation and it is a sensitive food processing operation due to undesirable changes in the quality of dried product. In this study the effect of osmotic dyhedration and ultrasound pretreatment prior to convective drying on quality properties of apple slices was investigated. Apple slices were pretreated by osmotic dehydration in two concentra...

In this study, we investigated the mechanism of PLA(2)-induced lysosomal destabilization. Through the measurements of lysosomal beta-hexosaminidase free activity, their membrane potential, the intra-lysosomal pH and the lysosomal latency loss in hypotonic sucrose medium, we established that PLA(2) could increase the lysosomal membrane permeability to both potassium ions and protons. The enzyme ...

Chao, P G; Bulinski, J C; Ateshian, G A; +Hung, C T Columbia University, New York, NY [email protected] INTRODUCTION Cartilage compression changes cell shape, volume and hydrostatic and osmotic pressure of chondrocytes in situ [1,2]. For example, changes in the osmotic environment of cells have been shown to modulate chondrocyte biosynthesis, however, the mechanosensing mechanisms are not well...

Membrane osmometry is used to measure osmotic pressures of dilute solutions containing quasi-spherical CdSe nanocrystals covered with polymer brushes in toluene in the range 31 to 45°C. Osmotic-pressure data, as a function of nanocrystal concentration, yield the molecular weight and the osmotic second virial coefficient of the nanocrystals; the latter is related to the potential of mean force b...

Osmotic stresses such as drought, salinity, and cold are major environmental factors that limit agricultural productivity worldwide. Protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation are major signalling events induced by osmotic stress in higher plants. Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase2 family members play essential roles in response to hyperosmotic stresses in Arabidopsis, rice, and ma...

high temperature, high radiance, low vapor pressure, and lack of precipitation in most months characterize arid ecosystems. under these conditions, tree crops such as pistachio suffer from drought combined with salinity stress. in order to investigation effects of combined salinity and drought stress on function of photosynthetic apparatus, mutica pistachio (pistacia mutica) seedlings were subj...

We report a cyclic growth/retraction phenomena observed for saline droplets placed on cured poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) membrane with thickness of 7.8 ± 0.1 µm floating pure water surface. Osmotic mass transport across the micro-scaled PDMS provided growth sessile followed by evaporation droplets. NaCl crystals were in vicinity triple line at stage. The cycle was reversible. A model osmotic ...

Tensiometers are commonly used for measuring soil water matric pressures. Unfortunately, the water-filled reservoir of conventional tensiometers limits their applicability to soil water matric pressures above approximately20.085 MPa. Tensiometers filled with a polymer solution instead of water are able to measure a larger range of soil water matric pressures. We designed and constructed six pro...