Preparing thermal comfort conditions in outdoor public spaces is one of the considerations of architectural design. If the constructed area does not support comfortable conditions in outdoor spaces, it will cause microclimatic problems for pedestrians and adjacent buildings. Regarding the different thermal comfort conditions in outdoor spaces in comparison with indoor, several indices have b...

Because of the differences between indoor and outdoor thermal condition, preparing some outdoor thermal indices is a way to understand and categorize the outdoor thermal sensation. The aim of these indices is not to provide thermal comfort - as it is the aim of indoor indices. Instead, they are provided to analyze outdoor thermal sensation to help architects, landscape architects and urban desi...

preparing thermal comfort conditions in outdoor public spaces is one of the considerations of architectural design. if the constructed area does not support comfortable conditions in outdoor spaces, it will cause microclimatic problems for pedestrians and adjacent buildings. regarding the different thermal comfort conditions in outdoor spaces in comparison with indoor, several indices have been...

introduction guilan is one of the provinces in north of iran, with population of 2,480,874 and a total area of ​​14,042 square kilometers. this study assesses the outdoor natural gamma dose rates in the air of 49 cities in guilan and calculates corresponding average annual effective dose. materials and methods a total of 260 different sample points measurements were carried out. the results inc...

background: human is exposed to radiation in their environment with or without their consent and the exposure to natural background radiation is an unpreventable event on earth. materials and methods: an in situ assessment of the indoor and outdoor background radiation in akwanga and keffi towns of nasarawa state nigeria was carried out using a halogen-quenched geiger muller (gm) detector (insp...

Vegetation moderates a microclimate by casting shadows, increasing light reflection, evaporation and perspiration; and correcting wind patterns. The present study aims to investigate the microclimatic role of vegetated surfaces and bodies in improving thermal comfort in outdoor spaces between buildings. The main research question is which of the green system modes, that is, horizontal vegetatio...

Respect to the design guidelines of building environments is a complex subject that associated with cultural and economic development of human societies. Therefore, accurately measuring users’ favorites for environment design is a essential subject to optimize the relationship between environmental and personal parameters. This study with the purpose of investigation of patients satisfactory fr...