Let L be a non empty loop structure. We say that L is add-left-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 1) For all elements a, b, c of L such that a + b = a + c holds b = c. We say that L is add-right-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 2) For all elements a, b, c of L such that b + a = c + a holds b = c. We say that L is add-cancelable if and only if: (Def. 3) For all elements a, b, c of L holds if a + b...

A hallmark of optimal decision making is that cues are weighted by their reliability. Previous studies have reported evidence for reliability weighting in several human perceptual decision-making tasks in which sensory noise was the only possible source of errors. Here we use a target detection task to test whether optimality generalizes to situations where stimulus ambiguity is an additional s...

in order to determine the effect of valsalva maneuver and head rotation on the internal jugular vein (ijv) diameter and cross-sectional area and overlap with the carotid artery (ca) and find the best technique for safe cannulation of the ijv and decrease the risk of ca puncture, the diameter of both the ijv and the ca and percentage of overlap between the two vessels and cross-sectional area of...

In this paper, we propose a method in order to compensate contortion of page image which is caused by photographing a book opened and placed face-up (two pages opposite each other state) on the stage just above. For compensating contortion 3-D shape information of page surface is necessary to apply some geometrical adjustment. To obtain much higher resolution image a page needs to be photograph...