Myeloperoxidase produces strong oxidants during the immune response to destroy invading pathogens. However, these oxidants can also cause tissue damage, which contributes to the development of numerous inflammatory diseases. Selenium containing compounds, including selenomethionine (SeMet) and 1,4-anhydro-5-seleno-D-talitol (SeTal), react rapidly with different MPO-derived oxidants to form the ...

It is strongly suspected that cytokine-induced gene expression in inflammation is oxidant mediated; however, the intracellular sources of signaling oxidants remain controversial. In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-alpha, trigger gene expression of endothelial adhesion molecules including mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1). MAdCAM-1 play...

The accurate and sensitive detection of radical oxidants is a central problem in the field of chemical biology. Radical oxidants can be detected in vitro with fluorescent leucodyes such as dihydroethidium (DHE), dihydrorhodamine (DHR), the hydrocyanines, redoxfluor-1, and their organelle-specific analogues. Although these probes are widely used in cell culture, their accuracy is compromised by ...

In the atmospheric boundary layer that is affected by turbulent motions and inhomogeneous surface chemical emissions, short-lived reactive species may not be completely mixed within any given airmass. Coarse models, which assume complete mixing each grid-box, overestimate rates at react. We used a large eddy simulation (LES) model embedded in Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) to assess influen...

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are known to increase in osteoporosis. Methylglyoxal is AGEs precursor that is toxic to osteoblasts. Methylglyoxal toxicity in osteoblasts involves oxidative stress. The involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in changes of MC3T3E1 preosteoblast cell line morphology caused by methylglyoxal exposure is still unknown. This study was aimed to investigate...

A BSTRACT : Disrupted vasculature and high energy-demand by regenerating tissue results in wound hypoxia. Wound repair may be facilitated by oxygen therapy. Evidence supporting the mode of action of hyperbaric oxygen in promoting wound healing is sketchy, however. Topical oxygen therapy involves local administration of pure oxygen. The advantages of topical oxygen therapy include low cost, the ...

The occurrence of protein tyrosine nitration under disease conditions is now firmly established and represents a shift from the signal transducing physiological actions of (.)NO to oxidative and potentially pathogenic pathways. Tyrosine nitration is mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite anion (ONOO(-)) and nitrogen dioxide ((.)NO2), formed as secondary products of (.)NO me...