The role of endogenous hepatocyte synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) in states of oxidative stress is largely unknown. In a model of rat hepatocytes in primary culture, NO production was induced by exposure to interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta, 50 ng/ml). Acetaminophen-mediated oxidative injury was analyzed in unstimulated and stimulated hepatocytes in the presence and absence of N-methyl-L-arginine, a s...

Traumatic axonal injury (TAI), a feature of traumatic brain injury (TBI), progressively evolves over hours through impaired axonal transport and is thought to be a major contributor to cognitive dysfunction. In spite of various studies suggesting that pharmacologic or physiologic interventions might reduce TAI, clinical neuroprotective treatments are still unavailable. Edaravone, a free radical...

to investigate the cardioprotective potential of the aqueous extract of allium cepa linn. bulb in isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury in wistar albino rats. in vitro total phenolic, total flavonoid content and 2, 2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate radical scavenging activity was measured. isoprenaline-induced myocardial injury model was used to evaluate in vivo effect of aqueous extract of...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a multifactorial entity that occurs in a variety of clinical settings. Although AKI is not a usual reason for intensive care unit (ICU) admission, it often complicates critically ill patients' clinical course requiring renal replacement therapy progressing sometimes to end-stage renal disease and increasing mortality. The causes of AKI in the group of ICU patients a...

BACKGROUND Hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) leads to injury in tissues/organs by reducing perfusion of organs and causing oxidative stress. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oxidant/antioxidant status in preterm infants with hsPDA by measuring the total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status and to assess neuronal damage due to oxidant stress relat...

Cardiac function is compromised by oxidative stress which occurs upon exposing the heart to ischemia reperfusion (I/R) for a prolonged period. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during I/R incur extensive damage to the myocardium and result in subcellular organelle remodeling. The cardiac nucleus, glycocalyx, myofilaments, sarcoplasmic reticulum, sarcolemma, and mitochondria a...

The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) may promote diabetic vascular and renal disease through the activation of intracellular signaling pathways that promote oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a mediator of hyperglycemia-induced cell injury and a unifying theme for all mechanisms of diabetic complications, but there are few studies on the expression and potential contributi...

Oxidative stress plays a major role in acute and chronic liver injury. In hepatocytes, oxidative stress frequently triggers antioxidant response by activating nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, which upregulates various cytoprotective genes. Thus, Nrf2 is considered a potential therapeutic target to halt liver injury. Several studies indicate that activation of...

in this study, accumulation of h2o2, malondialdehyde (mda) (as cold-induced oxidative stress indicators), the transcript levels of dehydrin and beta-glucosidase genes (involved in metabolic responses) was evaluated in chickpea cv. jam, using qrt-pcr during control, cold acclimation (ca), cold stress (cs), recovery, and freezing phases. results showed the existence of wide range of genetic capac...

Introduction: During hemorrhagic shock (HS), the kidneys are one of the primary target organs involved. Oxidative stress is shown to be enhanced in different models of acute kidney injury (AKI). Remote ischemic preconditioning (RPC) by brief limb ischemia is considered to be a safe method to protect different organs from further damage. In this study, we investigated the effects of brief hind l...