Double-layer composite coatings composed of a P2O5-based glass/Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (HA) mixture top layer and a simple HA underlayer, on Ti-6Al-4V substrates, were prepared using a plasma-spraying technique. The in vitro bioactivity of these coatings was assessed by immersion testing in simulated body fluid. Both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and the ionic solution changes followed by...

The crystal of hydroxyapatite, Ca10 (PO4) 6 (OH) 2 has a characteristic that it varies easily depending on the acidic base environment around the enamel. The etymology of apatite is said to come from the Greek word meaning “to deceive” since it contains various elements in the Ca, PO4, and OH areas and changes appearance. In other words, the true character behind the demineralization and remine...

Fluoride has a specific affinity for hydroxyapatite bone Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. It lists the hydroxyl ions of hydroxyapatite crystals converting it into Fluor apatite, which entails a change of the physical characteristics of the crystals. Fluorapatite crystals are quick dimension "a" crystal, increased crystallinity and a reduced dissolve. Increased solubility of fluorapatite is the main cause of ch...

The structure of apatite, Ca10(PO4)6F2, can be described in terms of an approximate hexagonal close packed set of spheres in which each sphere represents a tetrahedral PO4 3ion. This packing has octahedral interstitial sites that form channels through the structure parallel to the hexagonal axis. The F and 4/10ths of the Ca ions are located in these channels forming columns of F and Ca ions res...

X-ray powder diffraction and chemical analyses show that mammalian dental enamel apatite is an impure form of hydroxylapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 (structure described in Elliott 1994). The major difference of enamel apatite from hydroxylapatite is in the presence of about 3 wt% CO3. Details of the crystallographic structures of carbonate-containing apatites (including minerals) are important becau...

One of the most widely known representatives apatite family is hydroxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2. This mineral a part human dental and bone tissues, and, therefore, used in medicine. Less oxyapatite, Ca10(PO4)6O, which has same biocompatibility as hydroxyapatite. In this work, it shown that oxyapatite can be obtained by heating hydroxyapatite powder at 1000 °C vacuum. IR NMR spectroscopy proved a...

The synthesis of apatite silicated Ca10(PO4)6-x(SiO4)x(OH)2-x (SiHA) with 0?x?2 was investigated using a wet precipitation method followed by heat treatment calcium carbonate CaCO3 and phosphoric acid H3PO4 silicon tetraacetate SiC8H20O4 (TEOS) in medium water ethanol, three different silicate concentrations. After drying, the samples are ground then characterized analytical techniques like X-r...

Including humans, many multicellular organisms produce similar hard tissues, such as bones, teeth, shells, skeletal units, and spicules. These hard tissues are biocomposites and incorporate both structural macromolecules (lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides) and inorganic minerals. We do not fully understand the control mechanism of biomineralization in primitive or in developed organisms. Th...