AIMS Multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) with improved temporal and spatial resolution is one of the most commonly used non-invasive tests for evaluation of pulmonary veins (PVs) and adjacent structures before cryoablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). Identification of spatial neighbouring of phrenic nerves is important to decrease likelihood of phrenic nerve palsy (PNP). The purpose o...

BACKGROUND Pneumoperitoneum (PNP) and patient positions required for laparoscopy can induce pathophysiological changes that complicate anesthetic management during laparoscopic procedures. This study investigated whether low tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) application can improve ventilatory and oxygenation parameters during laparoscopic surgery. METHODS A total of 60...

this research evaluates the efficiency of nanosized zno in the catalytic ozonation of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol and determines the effect of ph on heterogeneous catalytic ozonation. the combined use of ozone and zno catalyst leads to conversion of 98% 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol during 5 min. in addition, it was found that in zno catalytic ozonation, the degradation efficiency of 4-chloro-2-nitrophenol...

AIMS Phrenic nerve palsy (PNP) is still a cause for concern in Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) procedures. New surveillance techniques, such as invasive registration of the compound motor action potential (CMAP), have been thought to prevent the occurrence of PNP. The present study investigates the impact of CMAP surveillance via an alternative and non-invasive ECG-conduction technique during CBA. ...

Cigarette smoke is a complex mixture containing, among other chemicals, pyridine alkaloids and N-nitrosamines. Carcinogenic tobacco-specific N-nitrosamines, N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), are both activated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1 in rats. Previous reports indicate that nicotine and the main nicotine metabolite, cotinine, reduce the ...

Cytoplasmic aldehyde dehydrogenase catalyses the hydrolysis of methyl p-nitrophenyl (PNP) carbonate at an appreciable rate that is markedly stimualted by NAD+ or NADH. The nuleotides accelerate the rate-limiting hydrolysis of the acyl-enzyme intermediate while slowing the observed burst of p-nitrophenoxide production. With PNP dimethylcarbamate the enzyme catalyses the slow release of approx. 1...

Porcine microsomes are able to hydroxylate chlorzoxazone and p-nitrophenol, the most commonly used human test substrates for CYP2E1. However, in pigs, CYP2E appears not to be the only enzyme involved in the hydroxylation of chlorzoxazone and p-nitrophenol, as the enzyme capacity and immunochemical level of the apoprotein do not correlate. The present study shows that the hydroxylation of chlorz...

Aberrant expression of human sialidases has been shown to associate with various pathological conditions. Despite the effort in the sialidase inhibitor design, less attention has been paid to designing specific inhibitors against human sialidases and characterizing the substrate specificity of different sialidases regarding diverse terminal sialic acid forms and sialyl linkages. This is mainly ...

A new series of soft-host frameworks assembled by charge-assisted hydrogen bonds between a cationic metal complex (MC) and an anionic disulfonate specifically [Co(en)2(ox)] and 2,6-naphthalenedisulfonate (NDS), is synthesized and structurally characterized. The five new compounds have a general formula (MC)2(NDS) ·n(guest) where guests are H2O, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)...

BACKGROUND Conventional methods in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with polyneuropathy (PNP) are insufficient. AIMS We suggest that the comparison of the conduction of the median nerve with that of the neighboring peripheral nerves may be more beneficial in the diagnosis of entrapment neuropathy. SETTING AND DESIGN The median nerve sensory conduction in healthy vol...