Discussions about social justice and governmental responsibility are often framed in abstract terms, referencing aspirational concepts such as “equality” or “autonomy.” While this is particularly evident law, grand narratives also shape policies related to public health welfare, well many other areas that overlap with law. Of specific interest the context of collection idealized rendition body ...

Under normal circumstances, competitive markets do an excellent job of supplying the goods that members society want and need. But in emergency like a pandemic, unassisted may not suffice. Imagine, for example, suddenly needs to obtain tens (or even hundreds) millions COVID-19 virus test kits week. Test this are new product, so it be clear who relevant set manufacturers are. If we had luxury ti...

OBJECTIVES This study examined the association between prenatal exposure to pandemic influenza and cardiovascular events in adulthood. DESIGN Using Danish surveillance data to identify months when influenza activity was highest during three previous pandemics (1918, 1957, and 1968), persons were defined as exposed/unexposed based on whether they were in utero during peak months of one of the ...

Influenza pandemics has occurred at irregular intervals for over 500 years, unlike seasonal influenza epidemics which occur annually. Although the risk factors are known, the basis for the timing of influenza pandemic waves are unknown. Coherence of peaks of El Niño and influenza pandemic in 2009–2010, however, suggest that both waves are coupled. This study was done to determine the relation o...

BACKGROUND The impact of a newly emerged influenza pandemic will depend on its transmissibility and severity. Understanding how these pandemic features impact on the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of alternative intervention strategies is important for pandemic planning. METHODS A cost effectiveness analysis of a comprehensive range of social distancing and antiviral drug strategies int...

BACKGROUND The threat of emergence of a human-to-human transmissible strain of highly pathogenic influenza A(H5N1) is very real, and is reinforced by recent results showing that genetically modified A(H5N1) may be readily transmitted between ferrets. Public health authorities are hesitant in introducing social distancing interventions due to societal disruption and productivity losses. This stu...

BACKGROUND Prediction of timing for the onset and peak of an influenza pandemic is of vital importance for preventive measures. In order to identify common spatiotemporal patterns and climate influences for pandemics in Sweden we have studied the propagation in space and time of A(H1N1)pdm09 (10,000 laboratory verified cases), the Asian Influenza 1957-1958 (275,000 cases of influenza-like illne...