Currently, oversupply coal and coal-based power in China poses a great challenge to energy structure optimization and emissions reduction. The energy industry, however, is closely linked to the financial sector. In view of this, using a non-linear Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model, this paper examines the threshold effects of financial developments on energy supply structures for ...

Abstract Panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) is applied to obtain thresholds in certain variables classify the regions into regimes (high or low). Data for of Spain over period 1986–2010 are used. In general, results point a positive (negative) relationship between fiscal (administrative) decentralization and economic growth with low public infrastructure stock per efficient worker high h...

one of the economic problems in the developing countries is the debt problem. external debt occurs in the developing countries due to the elimination of the restrictions on the savings gap, the foreign exchange gap, and the fiscal gap in order to form the capital to accelerate the economic growth (karakoy et al., 2012, p. 491). in contrast, borrowing and rising the external debt could be little...

This paper analyzes the linear and non-linear relationship between non-performing loans bank profitability measured by Net Interest Margin for a sample of 74 Middle Eastern North African banks over period 2005–2020. We used System Generalized Method Moments (SGMM) as approach Panel Smooth Transition Regression (PSTR) model approach. The empirical results SGMM indicated that ratio NPLs negativel...

The non-linear relationship between provincial economic growth and carbon emissions is investigated by using panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) models. The research indicates that, on the condition of separately taking Gross Domestic Product per capita (GDPpc), energy structure (Es), and urbanisation level (Ul) as transition variables, three models all reject the null hypothesis of a lin...

We examine the impact of Twitter sentiment on returns four selected bond indices via selection relevant threshold variables, such as S&P 500 Index, VIX, and MSCI World Index. If overreaction or underreaction to significant changes in market occur regularly (De Bondt Thaler, 1985, 1987; Jegadeesh Titman, 1993), it is assumed that users respond with different intensities case rising, falling rath...

this study investigates the effects of the government effectiveness and financial development indices on economic growth in d-8 countries over the period 1996-2012, by applying the panel smooth transition regression (pstr) model. for this purpose, we use non-linear least squares (nls) method for estimation of model. the estimation results reject the linearity hypothesis, and estimate two regime...