Several recent empirical papers report evidence of significant systematic variation in recovery rates on defaulted corporate debt, implying that the convenient assumption of independent recovery rates found in most defaultable debt pricing models and portfolio credit risk models is unrealistic. However, such work has used recoveries on individual assets. These are claims on the value of the ban...

introductiontoday, one of the most prominent health and environmental problems of cities is ascending trend of solidwastes. this must be managed and the institutionalization of phenomena such as recycling, composting, and soon from municipal solid waste must be taken into consideration. in iran, there is no essential management incollection, disposal and recycling of over 40 thousand tons of th...

Nectar analysis has been used to understand pollination systems, but nectar storage methods have rarely considered as potential sources of inaccuracy in the recovery data. Prompt sugar is not always possible and can affect results. We aimed develop an effective method store on filter paper. Nectars from two subspecies Eremophila maculata (Scrophulariaceae) Strelitzia reginae (Strelitziaceae) we...

High amounts of waste paper are disposed of every year in Iran posing the health hazard and environmental damages instead of being recovered. Collection, recovery and proper disposal of waste paper without damaging the environment need to design an efficient closed-loop supply chain network. The main objective of this paper is introducing a bi-objective, multi-echelon, multi-product and single-...