The desorption yields of excited hydrogen atoms from the surfaces of KCl, KBr, NaCl, NaF, and LiF have been measured as a function of incident photon and electron energy and flux, time of irradiation, dosing pressure of H2 and sample temperature. As these surfaces are exposed to H2 gas during electron or photon bombardment, the fluorescence from excited hydrogen atoms ejected from the surface i...

Plant gene delivery is challenging due to the presence of plant cell walls. Conventional means such as Agrobacterium infection, biolistic particle bombardment, electroporation, or polyethylene glycol attachment are often characterized by high cost, labor extensiveness, and a significant perturbation to the growth of cells. We have succeeded in delivering GFP-encoding plasmid DNA to turfgrass ce...

In recent charging studies, a discernible glow was detected emanating from sample surfaces undergoing electron beam bombardment that resulted from a luminescent effect termed cathodoluminescence. This suggests that some of the materials used as optical elements, structural components, and thermal control surfaces in the construction of space-based observatories might luminesce when exposed to s...

Electron cloud is a serious limitation for the operation of particle accelerators with intense positively charged beams. It occurs if the secondary electron yield (SEY) of the beam-pipe surface is sufficiently high to induce an electron multiplication. At low surface temperatures, the SEY is strongly influenced by the nature of the physisorbed gases and by the corresponding surface coverage. Th...