Comparatively little is known about how semantic properties (such as animacy) and syntactic properties (such as word order) affect production of complex sentences. Relative clauses were elicited using a picture description task that manipulated head noun animacy in both English (which has head-first relative clauses and Japanese (head-final relative clauses). Participants of both languages prod...

Object topicalization shares two functional properties with the passive: foregrounding of the patient and de-topicalization of the agent. This fact makes one wonder why the former occurs far less frequently in written text. The present paper is an attempt to illuminate some properties of object topicalization not shared by the passive. It is argued that while object topicalization may de-topica...

A dual-chamber anode structure is proposed in order to solve two performance problems of the conventional passive micro direct methanol fuel cell (μ-DMFC). One of the problems is the unstable performance during long time discharge. The second problem is the short operating time. In this structure, low concentration chamber is filled with methanol solution with appropriate concentration for the ...

A new subspace method based on spatial-temporal structure is presented for estimation of directions-of-arrival (DOA’s) and ranges of multiple near-field sources impinging on an array of sensors. The arrival angle and range parameters are directly given by the eigenvalues of a set of constructed matrices and the computational complexity of the proposed method is lower than those of several avail...

the present paper discusses the priority of cognitive processes over language production of the speaker, based on mulla sadra’s philosophy of language. in this regard, the conditions of perceiving knowledge as well as the process of language production of the speaker are propounded. mulla sadra believes that knowledge is perceived through a process in which human soul is an active agent rather ...

A novel structure that converts wasted backward amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) to seed photons for the amplifier stage is suggested for a high-power erbium-doped fiber (EDF) broadband source. A considerable increase in output power and bandwidth extension was achieved by placement of a segment of passive EDF in front of the amplifier stage, thus recycling backward ASE as the secondary pum...

The idea of passive euthanasia has recently been attacked in a particularly clear and explicit way by an ‘‘Ethics Task Force’’ established by the European Association of Palliative Care (EAPC) in February 2001. It claims that the expression ‘‘passive euthanasia’’ is a contradiction in terms and hence that there can be no such thing. This paper critically assesses the main arguments for the Task...

We believe that a passive object model, in which the active entities or threads migrate between passive objects, is more appropriate than an active object model, as the basic structure of a microkernel-based operating system. A passive object model provides enhanced performance and simplicity because it is more closely matched to the basic nature of microprocessors and the requirements of appli...

Active turbulent advection is considered in the context of magnetohydrodynamics. In this case, an auxiliary passive field bears no apparent connection to the active field. The scaling properties of the two fields are different. In the framework of a shell model, we show that the two-point structure function of the passive field has a unique zero mode, characterizing the scaling of this field on...

Building large-scale distributed object-oriented systems that provide multidimensional Quality of Service (QoS) in terms of fault tolerance, scalability, and performance is challenging. In order to meet this challenge, we need an architecture that can ensure that applications’ requirements can be met while providing reusable technologies and software solutions. This paper describes techniques, ...