We report the case of a 73-year-old female with severe degenerative scoliosis and back and leg pain that wassuccessfully treated with stand- alone cages via an extreme lateral transpsoas approach. This patient had declinedopen surgery and instrumentation due to her advanced age concerns about potential side effects.

Custom knee implants and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) have been developed as alternatives to off-theshelf implants and conventional cutting guides for joint arthroplasty. Custom implants and patient-specific cutting guides are constructed with the aid of preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and proprietary planning software. The...

Custom knee implants and patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) have been developed as alternatives to off-theshelf implants and conventional cutting guides for joint arthroplasty. Custom implants and patient-specific cutting guides are constructed with the aid of preoperative 3-dimensional computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans and proprietary planning software. The...

traumatic retrolisthesis is a rare injury and may result in intervertebral disc extrusion and nerve root injury. these injuries are highly unstable and require surgery for decompression and stabilization. traumatic retrolisthesis of l5 with acute l5/s1 disc extrusion associated with nerve root injury has not been reported previously in english literatures. we herein report a case of traumatic r...