Increasing interest in multimedia research has been drawn upon the development of video indexing and content-based image retrieval techniques. In this report, we proposed several pause detection algorithms, which instead of searching for signi cant visual transitions, the algorithms detect signi cant pauses in video streams. A realization of the algorithmswas implemented using ImageTcl toolkit ...

This paper presents two new algorithms for robust speech pause detection (SPD) in noise. Our approach was to formulate SPD into a statistical decision theory problem for the optimal detection of noise-only segments, using the framework of model-based speech enhancement (MBSE). The advantages of this approach are that it performs well in high noise conditions, all necessary information is availa...

This study investigated how acoustic cues signal the different syntactic structures of ambiguous sentences in language production. Acoustic cues such as intensity, f0, pause and duration vary according to different syntactic boundaries. Intensity of post-boundary syllable, f0 reset range of syllables around the corresponding target boundary, pause, and final lengthening of preboundary syllable ...

We investigate how to add rate control to full-duplex IEEE 802.3 Ethernet. We envision the need for rate control in order to enable bandwidth allocation in future Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) subscriber services. We propose a RATE mechanism that can be implemented with a simple byte-based leaky bucket. We demonstrate with simulation methods that RATE can isolate flows and provide lower loss...

Pauses in spontaneous speech have a less restricted distribution than pauses in read discourse; however, they are not distributed in a haphazard way. The majority of the perceived pauses in the examined Swedish spontaneous speech material, 73%, occurred in one of the following positions: between sentences, after discourse markers and conjunctions, and before accented content words. There is a r...

The present research addressed the prosodic realization of global and local text structure and content in the spoken discourse data produced by Persian EFL learners. Two newspaper articles were analyzed using Rhetorical Structure Theory. Based on these analyses, the global structure in terms of hierarchical level, the local structure in terms of the relative importance of text segments and the ...

An object that suddenly appears in the visual field should be quickly detected and responded to because it could be beneficial or harmful. The superficial layer of the superior colliculus (sSC) is a brain structure capable of such functions, as sSC neurons exhibit sharp transient spike discharges with short latency in response to the appearance of a visual stimulus. However, how transient activ...

Distal enhancers characterized by the H3K4me(1) mark play critical roles in developmental and transcriptional programs. However, potential roles of specific distal regulatory elements in regulating RNA polymerase II (Pol II) promoter-proximal pause release remain poorly investigated. Here, we report that a unique cohort of jumonji C-domain-containing protein 6 (JMJD6) and bromodomain-containing...

Striatal cholinergic interneurons, also known as tonically active neurons (TANs), acquire a pause in firing during learning of stimulus-reward associations. This pause response to a sensory stimulus emerges after repeated pairing with a reward. The conditioned pause is dependent on dopamine from the substantia nigra, but its underlying cellular mechanism is unknown. Using in vivo intracellular ...

Previous reports have shown that saccades executed during vergence eye movements are often slower and longer than conjugate saccades. Lesions in the nucleus raphe interpositus, where pontine omnipause neurons (OPNs) are located, were also shown to result in slower and longer saccades. If vergence transiently suppresses the activity of the OPNs just before a saccade, then reduced presaccadic act...