Replication initiation and replication fork movement in the subtelomeric and telomeric DNA of native Y' telomeres of yeast were analyzed using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis techniques. Replication origins (ARSs) at internal Y' elements were found to fire in early-mid-S phase, while ARSs at the terminal Y' elements were confirmed to fire late. An unfired Y' ARS, an inserted foreign (bacter...

Pause analysis of key-stroke logged translations is a hallmark of process based translation studies. However, an exact definition of what a cognitively effortful pause during the translation process is has not been found yet (Saldanha and O’Brien, 2013). This paper investigates the design of a key-stroke and participantdependent identification system of cognitive effort to track complexity in t...

OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency and predictors of pause dependent torsade de pointes among patients with the congenital long QT syndrome and spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias. DESIGN The literature on the "congenital long QT" was reviewed. Articles with illustrations demonstrating the onset of spontaneous polymorphic ventricular arrhythmias in the absence of arrhythmogenic drugs w...

In this study, we investigate the use of pauses and pause fillers in Mandarin Chinese. Our analysis is based on 267 spoken monologues from a Mandarin proficiency test. We identify two basic pause fillers in Mandarin: e and en. We find that males use more e than females, but there is no difference between them on the frequency of en. Therefore, the proportion of nasal-final pause fillers is high...

abstract background: secretions contaminated with oral, nasal, and gastric bacteria accumulate in the subglottic space, above the endotracheal tube cuff. if these secretions are aspirated into lower airways, the intubated patient will be susceptible to ventilator‑associated pneumonia (vap). the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of inspiratory pause maneuver for intermittent subglo...

The presence of an intonational phrase boundary is often marked by three major acoustic cues: pause, final lengthening, and pitch reset. The present study investigates how these three acoustic cues are weighted in the perception of intonational phrase boundaries in two experiments. Sentences that contained two intonational phrases with a critical boundary between them were used as the experimen...

Most animals move intermittently, yet many proposed performance limitations of terrestrial locomotion are based on steady-state measurements and assumptions. We examined the effect of work-rest transitions by exercising the ghost crab, Ocypode quadrata (28.1 +/- 8.1 g), intermittently on a treadmill at 0.30 m/s, a supramaximal speed [i.e., greater than the speed that elicits the maximal rate of...

Research on pause duration has mainly focused on the impact of syntactic structure on the duration of pauses within an utterance and on the impact of syntax, discourse, and prosodic structure on the likelihood of pause occurrence. Relatively little is known about what factors play a role in determining the duration of pauses between utterances or phrases. Two experiments examining the effect of...

The E. coli thr operon leader region contains a cluster of transcription pause sites upstream of the attenuator. In this report, we determine the exact sites of pausing and analyze the structure of the ternary complex by footprint techniques. Under synchronized transcription initiation conditions in vitro, three closely-spaced transcription pause sites were identified. These pause sites appeare...

Ordinary speech contains disfluencies in the form of hesitations and repairs. When listeners make global judgements on speech fluency they are influenced by the frequency and nature of the individual disfluencies contained in the speech. The aim of this study was to investigate a single dimension, pause duration, in the perception of speech fluency. The method involved simulation of pause durat...