OBJECTIVE A pay-for-performance (P4P) programme for primary care was introduced in 2011 by a Swedish county (with 1.6 million inhabitants). Effects on register entry practice and comparability of data for patients with diabetes mellitus were assessed. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational study analysing short-term outcomes before and after introduction of a P4P programme in the study county as co...

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY To estimate the prevalence of culture change practice in U.S. nursing homes (NHs) and examine how state Medicaid policies may be associated with this prevalence. DESIGN AND METHODS In 2009/2010, we conducted a survey of a stratified proportionate random sample of NH directors of nursing (DONs) and administrators (NHAs) at 4,149 U.S. NHs; contact was achieved with 3,695. C...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The objective of our paper is to offer a new, payer-friendly taxonomy of market entry agreements (MEAs) that aims to twin contracts with their methodological designs in an effort to clarify the distinction between contracts that are based on performance and those that are based on demonstrated effect. METHODS Our analysis proceeds in two stages: First, we delimit the...

INTRODUCTION Numerous studies have examined the impact of pay-for-performance (P4P) programmes, yet little is known regarding their effects on continuity of care (COC) and the role of multiple chronic conditions (MCCs). This study aimed to examine the effects of a P4P programme for diabetes care on health care provision, COC and health care outcomes in diabetic patients with and without comorbi...

Nursing homes (NHs) are under increasing pressure to accurately gauge and improve the quality of care they provide to their residents. Higher patient acuity, demand from consumers and policy-makers, and media reports of inadequate care are providing the impetus for change. In response to these pressures, researchers are devising more appropriate indicators of quality,1 states are creating innov...

BACKGROUND Pay for Performance (P4P) mechanisms to health facilities and providers are currently being tested in several low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to improve maternal and child health (MCH). This paper reviews the existing evidence on the effect of P4P program on quality of MCH care in LMICs. METHODS A systematic review of literature was conducted according to a registered proto...

Pay for performance (P4P) programmes are popular health system-focused interventions aiming to improve outcomes in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). This realist review aims understand how, why and under what circumstance P4P works LMICs.We systematically searched peer-reviewed grey literature databases, examined the mechanisms underpinning effects on: utilisation of services, patient sa...

BACKGROUND The use of supply-side incentives to increase health service utilisation and enhance service quality is gaining momentum in many low- and middle-income countries. However, there is a paucity of evidence on the impact of such schemes, their cost-effectiveness, and the process of implementation and potential unintended consequences in these settings. A pay for performance (P4P) program...

OBJECTIVE There is no standard method of publishing the code ranges in research using routine data. We report how code selection affects the reported prevalence and precision of results. DESIGN We compared code ranges used to report the impact of pay-for-performance (P4P), with those specified in the P4P scheme, and those used by our informatics team to identify cases. We estimated the positi...

This study exploits a natural experiment in the province of Ontario, Canada, to identify the impact of pay-for-performance (P4P) incentives on the provision of targeted primary care services and whether physicians' responses differ by age, size of patient population, and baseline compliance level. We use administrative data that cover the full population of Ontario and nearly all the services p...