1. Pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris; Hemiptera: Aphididae) exhibit transgenerational wing polyphenism, in which unwinged females produce genetically identical winged offspring in response to environmental cues such as overcrowding and predation risk that indicate poor habitat quality. 2. Laboratory experiments were carried out to explore the intensity of the wing polyphenic response of pe...

A randomised single blinded clinical trial to compare the cost of cataract surgery between extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification (PEA) was conducted at Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) between March and December 2000. A total of 60 patients were included in this study. The cost of a cataract surgery incurred by hospital, patients and households up to two...

OBJECTIVE To identify the associations between the duration of endotracheal intubation and developing post-extubational supraglottic and infraglottic aspiration (PEA) and subsequent aspiration pneumonia. METHODS This was a retrospective observational study from January 2009 to November 2014 of all adult patients who had non-neurologic critical illness, required endotracheal intubation and wer...

Cortical spreading depression (CSD), a wave of neuronal depolarization in the cerebral cortex following traumatic brain injury or cerebral ischemia, significantly aggravates brain damage. Here, we tested whether N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA), a substance that effectively reduces lesion volumes and neurological deficits after ischemic stroke, influences CSD. CSD was elicited chemically in adult ...

Haemophilus ducreyi resists the cytotoxic effects of human antimicrobial peptides (APs), including α-defensins, β-defensins, and the cathelicidin LL-37. Resistance to LL-37, mediated by the sensitive to antimicrobial peptide (Sap) transporter, is required for H. ducreyi virulence in humans. Cationic APs are attracted to the negatively charged bacterial cell surface. In other gram-negative bacte...

Over-expression of phosphoprotein enriched in diabetes/phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes (PED/PEA-15) causes insulin resistance by interacting with the D4 domain of phospholipase D1 (PLD1). Indeed, the disruption of this association restores insulin sensitivity in cultured cells over-expressing PED/PEA-15. Whether the displacement of PLD1 from PED/PEA-15 improves insulin sensitivity in vivo...

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), an endogenous fatty acid amide belonging to the N-acylethanolamines family, in reducing pain severity in patients with pain associated to different pathological conditions. METHODS This was an observational study conducted on 610 patients who were unable to effectively control chronic pain with standard therapies. PEA...

The addition of phenethyl alcohol (PEA) to cultures of male strains of Escherichia coli rapidly prevents the adsorption of the male-specific bacteriophages f1 and f2 to the donor cells. The adsorption of f2 to F pili in cell-free preparations is unaffected by PEA. In a mating system, PEA alters the kinetics of gene transfer in minimal medium but not in broth. Sodium cyanide, azide, and iodoacet...

To date, the standard treatment for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) has been surgical pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) followed by life-time anticoagulation therapy [1]. However, excellent results with PEA have been limited to select centres with experience and expertise; many patients who are possible candidates for PEA at expert centres would be considered ineligible in ma...

Piezoelectric materials show nonlinear hysteresis behaviour when they are under high electrical field and mechanical load. Fundamental study of PEA depicts that the Hysteresis effect deteriorate the tracking performance of The PEA. This paper proposes a nonlinear model which quantifies the Hysteresis nonlinearity generated in Piezoactuators in response to applied driving voltages. A novel perfe...