The present study was an attempt, in the first place, to observe whether there was any significant relationship among teachers’ critical thinking, self-efficacy, and perception of effective teaching. Moreover, the researchers tried to examine which variable was a better predictor of perception of effective teaching. To this end, the measures of the critical thinking ability of 143 EFL teachers ...

background: previous studies have shown that interaural-time-difference (itd) training can improve localization ability. surprisingly little is, however, known about localization training vis-à-vis speech perception in noise based on interaural time difference in the envelope (itd env). we sought to investigate the reliability of an itd env-based training program in speech-in-noise perception a...

backgroundresearchers have found that management safety practices may predict occupational injuries and psychological distresses in the workplace. the present study examined the perception of management safety practices related to injuries reporting and its dimensions among workers of isfahan steel company (esco).     methods a self-administered anonymous survey was distributed to 189 workers. ...

schizophrenia and various neurological disorders have some signs and symptoms. visual hallucinations are one of such disorders. the related studies in some diseases for example parkinson disease and lewy body dementia indicate that acetylcholine (ach) plays a significant role in neuropsychiatric manifestation and its association with visual hallucination; therefore, visual hallucinations occur ...

in this study, it was intended to investigate the persian native speakers’ perception of gerunds by three different elicitation techniques i.e., written, audio, and pictorial through translation. eighty intermediate learners of english were asked to select persian translation of the gerund formsin these elicitation techniques. they were asked to choose one option from a pair of written first la...

background: dental students’ attendance in community fields prepares them to get involved in oral health promotion programs.  the aim of this study was to evaluate dental students` attitude toward education in community dentistry fields at an iranian dental school. methods: 125 dental students participated in a questionnaire survey.  the questionnaire included questions regarding students’ back...

landscape fragmentation has threatened the landscape continuity of ray which was maintainedfrom prehistoric times until recent decades. from 19th century that tehran sprawl growth affected ray’slandscape as a satellite city of tehran, ray experienced rapid landscape fragmentation and underwent manychanges. in order to cope with the threat, the process of changes from landscape fragmentation sho...

abstract background: the increase in breast cancer incidence has enhanced attention towards breast cancer risk. the aim of this study was to determine the risk of breast cancer and risk perception of women, factors that affect risk perception, and to determine differences between absolute risk and the perception of risk. methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out among 346 women whose ...

human presence and accordingly establishing suitable condition for social interactions are important factors in shaping urban spaces. caring to different aspects of improving environmental qualities especially perception aspect and ease of perception from the environment with legibility improvement is an element that was emphasized from the base of urban design. the role of time, commence of da...