Self-reported measures of life satisfaction may be biased by optimistic or pessimistic dispositions of respondents. In this paper we view life satisfaction as stochastic and estimate a two-tiered quality of life stochastic frontier model to account for upward and downward biases in self-reported quality of life questions. Using the British Household Panel Survey 1995, we interpret the two one-s...

Previous studies have shown that a pessimistic explanatory style is a risk factor for illness, but the factors linking explanatory style and illness are unknown. One's characteristic response to poor health may mediate this relationship. Perhaps pessimistic individuals act helplessly in the face of their symptoms, thereby exacerbating disease. In the present study, we investigated this possibil...

This paper studies abstraction and refinement techniques in the setting of multi-valued model checking for the μ-calculus. Two dimensions of abstractions are identified and studied: Abstraction by joining states of the underlying multi-valued Kripke structure as well as abstraction of truth values, for each following both an optimistic and pessimistic account. It is shown that our notion of abs...

This study examined the relationship between depressive symptoms and bias in the prediction of future life events. Responding to internet announcements, 153 participants varying widely in self-reported depression symptom severity estimated the probability of 40 events occurring over the succeeding 30 days. After the 30-day period, participants reported which events occurred. Optimistic/pessimis...

As there is extensive survey evidence on persistent heterogeneity in unemployment expectations across workers, it a reasonable premise that the expected cost of job loss and resulting provision effort are similarly heterogeneous workers. Based such premise, paper shows significant positive correlation between pessimistic actual which consistently observed with household data can arise novel exp...

the large number of applications manages time varying data. existing databasetechnology seldom supports temporal database, tdb, according to time aspects.these intrinsic temporal database applications rely on such database which storesand retrieves time referenced data. moreover, applications need to be managed oncommon data items access simultaneously and to be precluded from inconsistencyas s...

objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of verbal self-instruction on pessimistic attribution style about negative events in children with dyslexia. methods: the study was experimental with pre-test-post-test and control group. the statistical population consists of all dyslexic students of maktab ali school in tehran city. forty students were selected by convenie...

Abstract With the rapid development of electric vehicles, more and vehicles are entering people’s lives. However, large-scale access to grid brings harm stability operation, problem how guide staggered charging needs be solved. In this paper, we consider travel characteristics three different types EVs: private cars, buses, cabs, set up a time-of-use tariff EV users charge reasonably, thus redu...

Supplier selection can be considered as a complicated multi criteria decision-making problem. In this paper the problem of supplier selection is studied in the presence of conflicting evaluations and insufficient information about the criteria and different attitudes of decision makers towards the risk. Most of fuzzy approaches used in multicriteria group decision making (MCGDM) are non-intuiti...