introduction: postoperative shivering is one of the common problems following general anesthesia and may lead to multiple complications. this study aimed to compare the impact of ketamine and pethidine on postoperative shivering.  methods: in a randomized clinical trial, one hundred and thirty-five patients undergoing elective abdominal surgery were recruited for the study. the patients were ra...

The rats model has never thoroughly investigated the influence of tramadol on plasma pethidine concentration besides pharmacokinetics. Individually, analgesic ED50s for and are estimated as 3.55 24.21 mg/kg, i.p. Subsequently, their measures decreased to 1.65 11.27 i.p., when both were given in combination at 1:1 from ED50s. Tramadol have a form synergistic interaction, which is therefore class...

Background: A standard obstetric analgesic should have a good effect without reducing the intensity of uterine contraction. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare efficacy intramuscular tramadol pethidine on labor pain duration. Material Methods: total 170 multigravida women in active were randomly assigned two identical groups, so that 85 pregnant received (50mg/2ml) (100mg/2ml) intra...

I Austin KL, Stapleton JV, Mather LE. Relationship between blood meperidine (pethidine) concentrations and analgesic response: a preliminary report. Anesthesiology 1980;53:460-6. 2 Stapleton JV, Austin KL, Mather LE. A pharmacokinetic approach to postoperative pain: continuous infusion of pethidine. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 1979;7:25-32. 3 Gourlay GK, Mather LE, Parkin KS. Minaxolone, a n...

Little is known about analgesia in lower vertebrates such as the Speke's hinged tortoise (Kinixy's spekii), yet of late they are increasingly being adopted as pets. The effects of morphine (5, 7.5, 10 and 20 mg/kg), pethidine (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) and naloxone (5 mg/kg) on nociception induced by the formalin test (12.5%, 100 microL) were studied in the Speke's hinged tortoise. Formalin induced...

The effects of narcotic analgesics on the brain 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-Ht) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) levels of rats and mice were investigated in relation to our preceding data on the effect of humoral modulatorents. The results suggest that morphine accelerates the release of brain 5-HT both in rats and mice, and that neither methadone nor pethidine alters the brain 5-HT and 5-HI...

Heart rate changes during halothane-tubocurarine anaesthesia (Group I, 60 patients), and pethidine-tubocurarine (Group II, 20 patients) have been studied. Significant changes were noted immediately after thiopentone induction, after intubation and after atropine 1.2 mg, 1.8 mg, or 3.0 mg. It was found that atropine 1.8 mg was as effective as atropine 3.0 mg in increasing heart rate, Atropine ca...