Anisotropic line-shape broadening (peak width which is not a smooth function of d-spacing) is frequently observed in powder diffraction patterns, and can be a source of considerable dif®culty for whole-pattern ®tting or Rietveld analysis. A model of the multi-dimensional distribution of lattice metrics within a powder sample is developed, leading naturally to a few parameters which can be varie...

The ratio of intercept to slope of the Pomeron trajectory is derived in a phenomenological model based on a QCD approach to diffraction.

We present a phenomenological model for the generation of human visual scanpaths. Successions of saccadic eye-movements are treated as realizations of a stochastic jump process in a random quenched salience eld. EEciency of the process is deened in terms of convergence properties of the time dependent probability of xating a region in the visual environment. Based on the assumption that the vis...

Nonlinear properties of the order parameter modulation wave in such systems as thiourea are described in the framework of the phenomenological model with no Lifshitz invariant. It is also shown that for some values of the thermodynamic potential parameters the lock-in transition is continuous in the type II systems. Close to this transition the soliton lattice appears.

Here, I ≥ I0 denotes the angular momentum, A is a constant determined by fit to data, and I0 is the spin of the band head under consideration. Rotational states are the lowestlying excitations in nuclei far away from closed shells. Our understanding of nuclear rotations is based on the groundbreaking work by Bohr and Mottelson [1], its extension within the general collective model [2], and the ...

This paper reviews some of the phenomenological models which have been introduced to incorporate the scaling properties of financial data. It also illustrates a microscopic model, based on heterogeneous interacting agents, which provides a possible explanation for the complex dynamics of markets’ returns. Scaling and multi-scaling analysis performed on the simulated data is in good quantitative...

The propagation of a chemical wave in a narrow cone-shaped glass capillary was investigated. When a chemical wave propagats from the wider end to the narrower end, it slows, stops, and then disappears. A phenomenological model that considers the surface effect of the glass is proposed, and this model reproduces the experimental trends.

We present magnetization data on a weakly pinned CeRu2 single crystal showing the existence of a stable state of the vortex lattice in the peak effect region. The stable state is achieved by cycling the magnetic field by small amplitude. This stable state is characterized by a unique value of critical current density (Jc), independent of the magnetic history of the sample. The results support t...

A phenomenological model based on the three-dimensional theory of nonlinear elasticity is developed to describe the phenomenon of overstretching in the force-extension curve for dsDNA. By using the concept of a material with multiple reference configurations a single formula is obtained to fit the force-extension curve.