Physiology education, which occupies an important place in undergraduate medical education, exhibits diversities across the world. Since there was no specific source of information about physiology education in Turkish medical faculties, the authors aimed to evaluate the general status of undergraduate physiology teaching of medical students in Turkey. A questionnaire designed for the program u...

Severe storms can pose a grave challenge to the temperature and energy homeostasis of small endothermic vertebrates. Storms are accompanied by lower temperatures and wind, increasing metabolic expenditure, and can inhibit foraging, thereby limiting energy intake. To avoid these potential problems, most endotherms have mechanisms for offsetting the energetic risks posed by storms. One possibilit...

Physiology is the study of how living organisms function in, and adapt to, their environment. We as physiologists are interested not only in describing a particular cellular process but also in understanding its relevance to more complex regulatory processes that are vital to the organism. The uniqueness of physiology lies in its systematic approach to exploring the mechanisms of life, asking h...

The 1952 Copenhagen poliomyelitis epidemic provided extraordinary challenges in applied physiology. Over 300 patients developed respiratory paralysis within a few weeks, and the ventilator facilities at the infectious disease hospital were completely overwhelmed. The heroic solution was to call upon 200 medical students to provide round-the-clock manual ventilation using a rubber bag attached t...

Lemma 2.2. It suffices to find disjoint L,R ∈ V such that they are (1) Large in Ω(n), or more formally stated, |L||R| ≥ α(n). (2) ∆-separated for ∆ = Ω( 1 logn) Let us define what ∆-separated means so that we can formalize this notion of “farness”. Recall that a distance from a vertex i to a set S is defined as d(i, S) = minj∈S d(i, j) (distance to the closest point in the set) and a distance f...

This article presents a case study of play therapy with an emotionally disturbed abused child. The article discusses the intuitive and individualized approach to the world of the abused child (conceptualized as a "cultured of one") in which the nurse therapist's role is to develop a trusting relationship with the child. Distance between the nurse's world and that of the abused child can be brid...

We study a class of geometric stabbing/covering problems for sets of line segments, rays, and lines in the plane. While we demonstrate that the problems on sets of horizontal/vertical line segments are NP-complete, we show that versions involving (parallel) rays or lines are polynomially solvable.

Consider the symmetric group Sn equipped with the Hamming metric dH . Packing and covering problems in the finite metric space (Sn, dH) are surveyed, including a combination of both.

Finding the closest or farthest line segment (line) from a point are fundamental proximity problems. Given a set S of n points in the plane and another point q, we present optimal O(n logn) time, O(n) space algorithms for finding the closest and farthest line segments (lines) from q among those spanned by the points in S. We further show how to apply our techniques to find the minimum (maximum)...