The metastasis is the spread of cancer from one part of the body to another. Two-thirds of patients with cancer will develop bone metastasis. Breast, prostate and lung cancer are responsible for more than 80% of cases of metastatic bone disease. The spine is the most common site of bone metastasis. A spinal metastasis may cause pain, instability and neurological injuries. The diffusion through ...

The heart is not traditionally considered either a target or a site of fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) production. However, recent findings indicate that FGF21 can act as a cardiomyokine; that is, it is produced by cardiac cells at significant levels and acts in an autocrine manner on the heart itself. The heart is sensitive to the effects of FGF21, both systemic and locally generated, owin...

This revised and enlarged edition of the original encyclopedic work on cancer is an important treatise consisting of 28 chapters by 32 contributors. The essayists are all leading cancer investigators, including one from the Chester Beatty Research Institute, London, England. The Physiopathology of Cancer is divided into four sections: (I) Biology, with chapters on (1) experimental cutaneous car...

In recent years, the number of scientific papers focused on study muscle and its physiopathology has grown significantly [...]