Each organization exists for the achievement of certain goals. To ensure continued success, the organization should monitor its performance w.r.t. these goals. Performance is often evaluated by estimating performance indicators (PIs). In most existing organization modeling approaches the relation between PIs and goals is implicit. This paper proposes a formal approach for modeling goals based o...

Background. HIV patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) containing protease inhibitors (PIs) had been often associated with lipodystrophy. However, there are only few studies on association of nucleoside and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI and NNRTI) with lipodystrophy. Study Design. One hundred and one HIV male patients were categorised into ART naïve (n =...

BACKGROUND The participant information sheet (PIS) provided to potential trial participants is a critical part of the process of valid consent. However, there is long-standing concern that these lengthy and complex documents are not fit-for-purpose. This has been supported recently through the application of a performance-based approach to testing and improving readability called user testing. ...

Performance evaluation in logistics is crucial identifying improvement opportunities. This study assessed performance indicators (PIs) for import–export chains, including transport, dry ports, transhipment and warehouses, focusing on Ethiopia. PIs were identified by means of a literature review. An expert survey based the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was used to obtain weightings allow an...

Accurate regional wind power prediction plays an important role in the security and reliability of systems. For performance improvement very short-term intervals (PIs), a novel probabilistic method based on composite conditional nonlinear quantile regression (CCNQR) is proposed. First, hierarchical clustering weighted multivariate time series motifs (WMTSM) studied to consider static difference...

In achieving the highest degree of public health, Public Health Center organizes health efforts (UKM) and individual (UKP) by prioritizing promotive preventive efforts. UKP UKM are implemented through program. One programs is Healthy Indonesia Program with a Family Approach (PIS-PK). its implementation, function between must be balanced in order to achieve an increase health. The current Covid-...

BACKGROUND Fonsecaea pedrosoi is the principal etiologic agent of chromoblastomycosis, a fungal disease whose pathogenic events are poorly understood. Current therapy for chromoblastomycosis is suboptimal due to toxicity of the available therapeutic agents and the emergence of drug resistance. Compounding these problems is the fact that endemic countries and regions are economically poor. PUR...

Human immunodeficiency virus protease inhibitors (PIs) modestly affect the plasma pharmacokinetics of tenofovir (TFV; -15% to +37% change in exposure) following coadministration with the oral prodrug TFV disoproxil fumarate (TDF) by a previously undefined mechanism. TDF permeation was found to be reduced by the combined action of ester cleavage and efflux transport in vitro. Saturable TDF efflu...

BACKGROUND In recent years, tensions between IRBs and principal investigators (PIs) have risen, posing the needs to understand these conflicts, their underlying causes, and possible solutions. Researchers frequently complain about IRBs, but how IRBs perceive and respond to these criticisms is unclear. METHODS I conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews of two hours each with 46 chairs, a...