Classic theories of hearing have considered only a translational component (piston-like component) of the stapes motion as being the effective stimulus for cochlear activation and thus the sensation of hearing. Our previous study (Huber et al., 2008) qualitatively showed that rotational components around the long and short axes of the footplate (rocking-like components) lead to cochlear activat...

Problem statement: While classical PID controllers are sensitive to variations in the system parameters, Fuzzy controllers do not need precise information about the system variables in order to be effective. However, PID controllers are better able to control and minimize the steady state error of the system. To enhance the controller performance, hybridization of these two controller structure...

As a visual inspection system can’t meet all the testing demands of various types of piston assembly, a visual inspection reconfigurable model for piston assembly was designed. A five-layer gray box model was established based on analyzing the process of visual inspection, and expressed by extension element; On this basis, a foundation scheme library was made using extension transform and gener...

This letter considers the problem of measuring the differential piston of a two-pupil astronomical optical interferometer which uses a reference source located at a different position with respect to the observed scientific target. The differential piston error as a function of the angular distance between the reference and astronomical target can be calculated using existing formulae for Zerni...

We study a heavy piston of mass M that separates finitely many ideal, unit mass gas particles moving in two or three dimensions. Neishtadt and Sinai previously determined a method for finding this system’s averaged equation and showed that its solutions oscillate periodically. Using averaging techniques, we prove that the actual motions of the piston converge in probability to the predicted ave...

BACKGROUND A growing number of studies conducted on stapes surgery have suggested that firm and adequate attachment of the prosthesis onto the long process of the incus plays a key role in surgical success. For this reason, a new prosthesis made of Nitinol characterized by "self-crimping" has been developed. Although better postoperative outcomes achieved with a Nitinol piston have been previou...

Abstract. We consider the Casimir force acting on a d-dimensional rectangular piston due to massless scalar field with periodic, Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions and electromagnetic field with perfect electric conductor and perfect magnetic conductor boundary conditions. The Casimir energy in a rectangular cavity is derived using cut-off method. It is shown that the divergent part of t...

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has redefined its gas pressure scale, up to 17 MPa, based on two primary standard piston gauges. The primary standard piston gauges are 35.8 mm in diameter and operate from 20 kPa to 1 MPa. Ten secondary standard piston gauges, two each of five series of the Ruska 2465 type, with successively smaller diameters form the scale extending up...