Renal proximal tubule cells have a remarkable ability to reabsorb large quantities of albumin through megalin-mediated endocytosis. This is an essential process for overall body homeostasis. Overstressing this endocytic system with a prolonged excess of albumin is injurious to proximal tubule cells. How these cells function and protect themselves from injury is unknown. Here, we show that megal...

Mechanisms by which premalignant Barrett's metaplasia (BM) progresses to esophageal adenocarcinoma are currently being sought. This study investigated the role played by the polypeptide hormone gastrin, specifically its antiapoptotic effects through activation of protein kinase B/Akt (PKB/Akt). In esophageal cell lines with low basal levels of activated PKB/Akt, phosphorylation could be induced...

It has been reported that phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and its downstream target, protein kinase B (PKB), play a central role in the signaling of cell survival triggered by neurotrophins (NTs). In this report, we have analyzed the involvement of Ca2+ and calmodulin (CaM) in the activation of the PKB induced by NTs. We have found that reduction of intracellular Ca2+ concentration or f...

Program Pengembangan Keprofesian Berkelanjutan (PKB) dan Uji Kompetensi Guru (UKG) telah menjadi program nasional sejak tahun 2012. Dalam pelaksanannya ini mengalami berbagai perubahan kebijakan. Salah satu perubahannya yaitu di 2016 penerapan self assessment guru digunakan sebagai acuan penyelenggaraan alternatif moda pembelajaran (aneka moda). Kemudian 2017 2018 terdapat kebijakan dalam PKB y...

For the last twenty years, in addition to breeding wheat, PKB Agroekonomik Institute has been working very intensively on other real or bread grains. High-yielding, late winter rye variety Zmaj obtained by pedigree method a simple crossing of genetically different parents from collection Institute: Rtanj and line PKB-R-105. This combines genes responsible for high yield potential, resistance lo...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ursolic acid (UA) has been extensively used as an anti-leukaemic agent in traditional Chinese medicine. In the present study, we investigated the ability of UA to induce apoptosis in human leukaemia cells in relation to its effects on caspase activation, Mcl-1 down-regulation and perturbations in stress-induced signalling pathways such as PKB and JNK. EXPERIMENTAL APPRO...

Identification of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase–protein kinase B/Akt (PI3K-PKB/Akt) pathway and activating receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) began in earnest in the early 1980s through vigorous attempts to characterize insulin receptor signaling (for review, see Alessi 2001; Brazil and Hemmings 2001). These humble beginnings led to the identification of the components and mechanism of insulin re...

Little is known about how individual cells can organize themselves to form structures of a given size. During development, Dictyostelium discoideum aggregates in dendritic streams and forms groups of approximately 20,000 cells. D. discoideum regulates group size by secreting and simultaneously sensing a multiprotein complex called counting factor (CF). If there are too many cells in a stream, t...

Teacher pedagogical knowledge base (PKB) has secured a notable position in research on teacher cognition. One obvious gap this strand of concerns variations teachers’ thought processes relation to individual difference variables despite indications that PKB is likely differ across differences. To fill part the void, study investigated how PKB—conceptualized as frequency and dominance units/cate...

The expression of the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene is enhanced by insulin both in vivo and in various cell types. Because insulin exerts a number of its biologic activities via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and protein kinase B (PI3K/PKB) signaling pathway, it was the aim of the present study to investigate the role of the PI3K/PKB pathway in the expression of the PAI-1 ge...