Plant growth and development are regulated by a chemically and structurally diverse group of hormones. During the last few decades many advances have been made in understanding the perception and mechanisms of action of these plant hormones. While certain hormone responses are not necessarily related to gene regulation, all these hormones are involved in modulating gene expression by controllin...

Cytokinins are a major class of plant hormones that are involved in various aspects of plant development, ranging from organ formation and apical dominance to leaf senescence. Cytokinin and auxin have long been known to interact antagonistically, and more recent studies have shown that cytokinins also interact with other plant hormones to regulate plant development. A growing body of research h...

Brassinosteroids are a new group of plant hormones with significant growth-promoting activity. Brassinosteroids were first isolated and characterized from the pollen of rape plant, Brassica napus L. Subsequently, they have so far been reported from 44 plants and are regarded probably ubiquitous in the plant kingdom. Brassinosteroids are considered as hormones with pleiotropic effects, as they i...

Plant survival under abiotic stress conditions requires morphological and physiological adaptations. Adverse soil conditions directly affect root development, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely to be discovered. Plant hormones regulate normal root growth and mediate root morphological responses to abiotic stress. Hormone synthesis, signal transduction, perception and cross-talk c...

Brassinosteroids are plant natural products with structural similarities to animal steroid hormones. They are found throughout the plant kingdom, and when applied exogenously at nanomolar to micromolar levels in a number of test systems, they exhibit a wide spectrum of physiological effects, including a marked promotion of cell elongation [1]. Like animal steroid hormones, brassinosteroids regu...

In recent years exciting progress has been made in understanding how endogenous plant hormones control plant development. One of the fundamental questions in this area of research is the mechanism by which the presente of a plant hormone molecule (the signal) leads to a change in plant development (the transduction pathway). This Update will discuss progress in the genetic analysis of signal tr...

In recent years exciting progress has been made in understanding how endogenous plant hormones control plant development. One of the fundamental questions in this area of research is the mechanism by which the presente of a plant hormone molecule (the signal) leads to a change in plant development (the transduction pathway). This Update will discuss progress in the genetic analysis of signal tr...