cost reduction is one of the methods applied for improving the productivity of organizations. in productivity literature, particularly in nonparametric methods, cost reduction related methods are regarded as input oriented models. this paper presents a supply chain management (scm) model in which purchasing iron ore and coke from different resources, along with production and distribution of st...

Bioethanol is mostly produced from wheat starch in Sweden. Due to the increasing wheat price it is no longer profitable to produce bioethanol from wheat. In this paper the conditions for converting a wheat bioethanol plant to a lignocellulosic bioethanol plant are studied. The most suitable lignocellulosic feedstock is investigated and soft wood chips are chosen based on bioethanol ...

in many hydroelectric dams, when the inflows are greater than the demand for energy, a portion of the water that could be used to generate electricity is diverted to the spillway and literally wasted. this energy,designated as “spilled turbinable energy”, could be used advantageously to generate other products or an energy vector that could be stored for later use, since in these situations the...

A finite capacity planning heuristic is developed for semiconductor manufacturing with highmix low-volume production, complex processes, variable cycle times and reentrant flows characteristics. The proposed algorithm projects production lots trajectories (start and end dates) for the remaining process steps, estimates the expected load for all machines and balances the workload against bottlen...

The optimization of production logistics system is an important way to improve enterprise’s productivity, cut down cost and improve equipment’s utilization. Production logistics system is highly randomized, complicated and discrete system, which can hardly be modeled and analyzed in the traditional way, so computer simulation technology and eM-Plant simulation platform were introduced in the pa...

This paper mainly focuses the study and analysis of the existing contributions related to the Biodiesel production. It, firstly, discuss the key issues related contributions which include chemical process, reactor designing, plantation, blending and applications. Next, it summarizes the analysis of the other prominent contributions related to process model, design, production, cost, optimizatio...

T he City of Clearwater (City) owns and operates the reverse osmosis (RO) water treatment plant No. 1 (plant) that was originally constructed in 2003. Similar to many brackish water RO facilities, the City blends pretreated raw water with RO permeate to maximize production while minimizing operational costs. In the case of this plant, the City blends 1 mil gal per day (mgd) of pretreated blend ...

Borage herbs, wild herbs and is one year with significant economic value are highly regarded local market Due to the high economic value of borage any study to improve the quality of harvest and increase product seems necessary, Two Rahim Abad (GILAN) district in the province Eshkourat the highest level of production as the location of choice, and studies of the factors in determining the best ...

Borage herbs, wild herbs and is one year with significant economic value are highly regarded local market Due to the high economic value of borage any study to improve the quality of harvest and increase product seems necessary, Two Rahim Abad (GILAN) district in the province Eshkourat the highest level of production as the location of choice, and studies of the factors in determining the best ...