Over the past decades it has been claimed that young people have become less engaged in political parties and that youth sections of political parties are declining. However, there is little comparative international evidence about the extent to which students in junior secondary school form preferences for political parties and intend to align with parties as adults. The International Civic an...

The information technology’s applications in cyberspace (the internet) are currently dominated by social media. The author investigates and explores the advantages of social media implementation of any political party in Indonesian general legislative elections 2014. There are twelve national political parties participating in the election as contestants plus three local political parties in Ac...

Abstract The feminist movement in the United States like other countries has tried to establish equality for women. From the first attempts to gain constitutional right for vote, up to the current radical demands, feminists have struggled to make changes in the U.S. party politics and obtain their rights within the parties. One of the important issues in which women played a key role in party ...

Two important human action selection processes are the choice by citizens of parties to support in elections and the choice by party leaders of policy 'packages' offered to citizens in order to attract this support. Having reviewed approaches analysing these choices and the reasons for doing this using the methodology of agent-based modelling, we extend a recent agent-based model of party compe...

Formally speaking, political parties were formed only in 1881. However, they had been active in practice since the First Serbian Uprising. This article describes the development of political parties, their organization, and their mutual confrontations in the struggle for power. One clearly notices that the instability of the Serbian political scene started with the formation of the early politi...

I investigate political uncertainty as a source of regulatory risk. Political parties have incentives to reduce regulatory risk actively through institutionalizing politically independent regulatory agencies. Political parties benefit from fully eliminating regulatory risk when political divergence is small or electoral uncertainty is appropriately skewed. In general, the political system allow...

While the literature already includes a large number of party typologies, they are increasingly incapable of capturing the great diversity of party types that have emerged worldwide in recent decades, largely because most typologies were based upon West European parties as they existed in the late nineteenth through mid-twentieth centuries. Some new party types have been advanced, but in an ad ...