background nowadays using the stem cells has opened a new horizon in the medical science and is indeed a practical and non-invasive method for treating refractory diseases such as leukemias , lymphomas, blood disorders and so on. nonetheless, proper and sustainable uses of such powerful cells undoubtedly need to be as per certain ethical principles. of the existing challenges in using stem cell...

back ground  subsequent to spinal cord injury many pathological changes may occur that could lead to inappropriate environment for repair. the most important of such changes is the death of neurons. exogenous administration of growth factors that modulate neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmission has been proposed as a potential therapeutic treatment for sci. among these gro...

background bone marrow transplantation (bmt)is nowadays used in various hematological disorders including leukemias. hemophilia a & b are sex linked bleeding disorders in which there are various genetic abnormalities in factor viii & ix genes. among various hematological disorders, bleeding disorders mainly hemophilia in now widely treated using plasma derived and recombinant factor viii & ix c...

introduction: vitamin deficiency and iron deficiency anemia are common nutritional problems, at least in children under 5. these materials shortage, especially in the first two years of life, impair physical and brain growth, reduces the child's learning ability, reduces body resistance against infections, behavioral changes, apathy and finally social and economic adverse consequences woul...

introduction: hepatitis b is a disease caused by the hepatitis b virus (hbv), which is transmitted through percutaneous (i.e., puncture through the skin) or mucosal (i.e., direct contact with mucous membranes) exposure to infectious blood or body fluids. hbv can cause chronic infection, resulting in cirrhosis of the liver, liver cancer, liver failure, and death. persons with chronic infection a...

introduction: irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is a common gastrointestinal disorder in children that may lead to anxiety, frequent physician visits and school absenteeism. the aim of this study is to reviewe effects of probiotic for irritable bowel syndrome.   materials and methods: this study review articles about probiotic for irritable bowel syndrome in pubmed and google scholar.   results: m...

introduction: constipation is one of the most common pediatric disorders.in many cases, there is no anatomic endocrineor metabolic cause in explanation of chronic constipation.more than 85% of them called functional or idiopathic.constipation is one of the serious disease in iranian traditional medicine. besides the problem it causes, chronic constipation can be the origin of many disease. that...

introduction: pain during colonoscopy, especially in children, including the challenges faced by the medical team. the aim of study was investigation the analgesic effect supermint oil (peppermint oil) on pain in children during colonoscopy. methods and materials: in this clinical trial study, 101 children (7-14 years old) candidate colonoscopy were randomly divided into two groups, respectivel...

introduction: neonatal jaundice is the most common cause of hospitalization.animal study demonstrated a decrease in serum bililrubin level after zinc treatment in hyperbilirubinemic rats. the objective of this study was the investigation of serum zinc level in the neonates with idiopatic .   materials and methods: a case-control study was undertaken on 263 neonates in a neonatal intensive care ...

introduction: the extreme reduction in breast milk intake during the first days of life leads to weight loss, kidney failure and hypernatremia. the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between hypernatremia in neonates and way of maternal breastfeeding in hospitalized infants in ghaem hospital of mashhad.   materials and methods: after obtaining parental consent, 687 infants referr...