Since the first flash memory patent issued on October 6, 1987, flash memory’s multiple useful characteristics, including nonvolatility, in-circuit reprogrammability, low power consumption, and high density, have led it to become the fastest growing memory segment in recent years. Mobile computing and communication have driven the demand for flash memories. Nascent applications, such as digital ...

background: osteoporosis is a common disease characterized by reduction in bone mass, due to depletion of calcium and bone protein. a pivotal role of the sympathetic nervous system in bone remodeling has been considered. on the other hand, elevated central sympathetic activation in postmenopausal women is involved in the creation of vasomotor symptoms. also, sympathetic skin response (ssr) has ...

File system designs are undergoing rapid evolution to exploit the potentials of flash memory. However, the internal parallelism, a key feature of flash devices, is hard to be leveraged in the file system level, due to the semantic gap caused by the flash translation layer (FTL). We observe that even flash-optimized file systems have serious garbage collection problems, which lead to significant...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the 12-week efficacy of desvenlafaxine in treating moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms and the clinical relevance of improvements in postmenopausal women experiencing 50 or more moderate to severe hot flashes per week. METHODS Participants were randomized to placebo or desvenlafaxine 100 mg/day in the 12-week efficacy substudy of a year-long, mu...

Hot flashes continue to be a troublesome problem for menopausal women the world over. After >50 y of research, we still do not understand the etiology and mechanism of hot flashes, nor do we know how estrogen, the major pharmaceutical treatment, works to reduce hot flashes. We are gaining insight into sociocultural complexities that may affect how and whether women report hot flashes. And we ar...

BACKGROUND Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy is effective for postmenopausal women with endocrine-responsive breast cancer. Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) enzyme metabolizes tamoxifen to clinically active metabolites, and CYP2D6 polymorphisms may adversely affect tamoxifen efficacy. In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of CYP2D6 polymorphisms. METHODS We obtained tumor tissues and iso...