In 1942 Winkler and Smith (1), studying the simultaneous renal clearances of exogenous creatinine and potassium in dogs following the injection of potassium salts, concluded that potassium is normally filtered at the glomerulus and subjected to a variable degree of tubular reabsorption. The highest potassium/creatinine clearance ratio obtained by these authors was 0.40. In 1948 Berliner and Ken...

The nonfiltering kidney model was used to determine whether sodium or potassium inhibits renin secretion in the absence of a functional macula densa in dogs with thoracic inferior vena caval constriction. The control rate of renin secretion was high, and decreases were readily recognized. After control observations, hypertonic sodium chloride or hypertonic potassium chloride was infused into th...

Large doses of KCI lowered serum uric acid while producing mild, apparently unrelated, uricosuria in four chlorothiazide-treated subjects. In two control subjects KCI also caused mild uricosuria, but had a negligible effect on serum uric acid concentration. Ammonium chloride decreased serum urate in all six subjects, while urinary uric acid excretion remained essentially unchanged. It is sugges...

The nonfiltering kidney model was used to determine whether sodium or potassium inhibits renin secretion in the absence of a functional macula densa in dogs with thoracic inferior vena caval constriction. The control rate of renin secretion was high, and decreases were readily recognized. After control observations, hypertonic sodium chloride or hypertonic potassium chloride was infused into th...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Dopamine infusion for renal protection is controversial. This study aimed at observing the effects of dopamine, hypertonic solution and the association of both in dogs with water restriction, emulating preoperative fast. METHODS The following renal function parameters were studied in 32 dogs anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital and fentanyl: effective renal plasma ...

tatus) is well known for its unusual diet and foraging mode. Feeding on subtidal/intertidal algae, it incurs a high load of salts (primarily sodium chloride, with some potassium) from its food (Dunson, 1969; Shoemaker and Nagy, 1984). To cope with this high-salt diet, the marine iguana uses large cranial salt glands that excrete most of the sodium, potassium, and chloride ingested; forceful exp...

Membrane parameters at the respective resting potentials in low, normal, and high extracellular potassium solutions were determined in intercostal muscle fibers from 15 patients with no known neuromuscular disease. In synthetic interstitial fluid (normal potassium concentration 3.5 mmol/liter), we found the following mean values: resting membrane potential RP = -83.3 mV, space constant lambda =...

Objective: In a previous work, we showed that asafoetida essential oil (AEO), from oleo-gum resin of Ferula asafoetida L. from the Apiaceae family, has a vasodilatory effect. This effect was both endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent. The present study was designed to determine whether potassium channels and intracellular calcium release contribute to AEO-i...

It is generally believed that tears are required to furnish only oxygen to the corneal epithelium. However, as tears are a very complicated solution, it is likely that other factors are essential to the cells of the corneal surface. The amount of light scattered from the epithelial surface of the excised rabbit cornea was examined with the in vitro specular microscope while the epithelium was b...

Optical techniques may potentially be used for noninvasive glucose sensing. We investigated the application of phase-sensitive optical low-coherence reflectometry (PS-OLCR) to the measurement of analyte concentrations. The dependence of the PS-OLCR signal on the concentration of various analytes, including aqueous solutions of glucose, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, sodium chloride, pota...