The injection of tetraethylammonium chloride into the giant axon of the squid prolongs the action potential and eliminates most of the late current under voltage-clamp. Experiments on fibers in an external medium of high potassium ion concentration demonstrate that injected tetraethylammonium chloride causes rectification of the instantaneous current-voltage curve for potassium by excluding out...

Isolated axons from the squid, Dosidicus gigas, were internally perfused with potassium fluoride solutions. Membrane currents were measured following step changes of membrane potential in a voltage-clamp arrangement with external isosmotic solution changes in the order: potassium-free artificial seawater; potassium chloride; potassium chloride containing 10, 25, 40 or 50, mM calcium or magnesiu...

I t has previously been demonstrated that dietary potassium deficiency in animals is associated with low serum chloride and elevated serum bicarbonate concentration (1-5). In 1950 the present authors described a decrease of intracellular carbon dioxide in the skeletal muscle of potassium-deficient rats (6), an observation which has since been confirmed by others (7). The present communication p...

The activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase in both crude and purified rat liver preparations was reduced in the presence of sodium or potassium chloride and increased in the presence of potassium acetate. The chloride inhibition was not competitive with bicarbonate. The use of Trischloride buffer did not alter the apparent pH optimum of the enzyme when compared with Tris-acetate buffer.

The first report of the biological production of bromo ochratoxin B by Aspergillus ochraceus Wilh. is presented as well as a study of the influence of potassium bromide, potassium iodide, potassium fluoride, and potassium chloride on the production of ochratoxin A and ochratoxin B. Potassium fluoride and potassium iodide inhibited the growth of the fungus, whereas potassium chloride substantial...

The efficient and selective partial oxidation of light alkanes using potassium periodate and potassium chloride is reported. Yields of methane functionalization in trifluoroacetic acid reach >40% with high selectivity for methyl trifluoroacetate. Periodate and chloride also functionalize ethane and propane in good yields (>20%).

1. ACTH administration (20 microgram day-1 kg-1) to sheep produces hypertension associated with a raised cardiac output and hypokalaemia. 2. The aim of the present experiments was to detail the haemodynamic changes associated with restoration of the extracellular potassium concentration in sheep with ACTH-induced hypertension. 3. After 7 days of ACTH treatment potassium chloride (10 mmol/h) was...

Channels selective for potassium or chloride ions are present in all intracellular membranes such as mitochondrial membranes, sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear membrane and chromaffin granule membranes. They probably play an important role in events such as acidification of intracellular compartments and regulation of organelle volume. Additionally, intracellular ion channels are targ...

Urinary electrolytes are invaluable in the differential diagnosis and treatment of certain acid-base diseases. We have evaluated the accuracy and precision of three different automated chemistry analyzers and a chloridometer (Corning 925 Chloridometer, Hitachi 717 and 917 and Vitros 950) for chloride, sodium and potassium using standard solutions. Data indicate that the ISE modules on the Hitac...