John Ioannidis argues that problem base, context placement, information gain, pragmatism, patient centeredness, value for money, feasibility, and transparency define useful clinical research. He suggests most clinical research is not useful and reform is overdue.

Genetic-specific nondiscrimination laws have been enacted in most states, but the laws are ineffective and increase the stigma of genetic conditions. Whether these laws are better than no new legislation depends on their consequences and a recognition of their limitations.

Modern institutional economists look to pragmatism for: (1) an evolutionary philosophy of knowledge; and (2) a foundation of a theory of human nature. These two elements are combined in William James, who was both a philosopher of pragmatism and a pioneering experimental psychologist. The author shows first how William James added psychological depth to the pragmatic tradition as it was left by...

Some of the best brains in North America have worked for over a year to produce the Institute of Medicine's (IOM) report on vitamin D (1) and so we expect expertise and wise words. However, despite great care in sifting evidence, careful application of method and a desire for transparency, the report has turned out to be very controversial. Its wisdom and method are now being questioned, as can...