Removal of carbonate impurities in sedimentary phosphate is one of the most important issues in the industry. Poor selective flotation of those ores is due to the similarity of Physico-chemical surface properties, solubility and electrokinetic characteristics of sparingly soluble phosphate and carbonate minerals. In this study, the effect of ultrasonic irradiation as a pretreatment method o...

A combined severity factor (RCSF) which is usually used to evaluate the effectiveness of hydrothermal pretreatment at above 100 °C had been developed assess influence temperature, time, and alkali loading on enzymatic hydrolysis lignocellulose. It not suitable for evaluating alkaline lower than °C. According reported deducing process, this study modified expression $$ {R}_{\mathrm{CSF}}=\log \l...

Pretreatment routes of oil palm biomass.

Research on metal salt-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment is still in its infancy, and the effect of hydroxyl groups Cl− choline chloride (ChCl) not resolved. In this study, a type IV DES composed salt glycerol (Gly) was prepared for moso bamboo to improve enzymatic hydrolysis. The correlation between hydrolysis contents hemicelluloses lignin evaluated using Box–Behnken design. resu...

heavy metal pollution is a worldwide problem with serious environmental consequences. the objective of the present experiment was to investigate whether arginine as nitric oxide precursor and or polyamines substrate can decrease the destructive effects of oxidative stress induced by nickel contamination in hyoscyamus niger plant. in this study the effects of arginine pretreatment on alkaloid co...