28 We examined developmental programming studies that reported sex-specific effects 29 published between 2012 and 2014, and examined whether the authors reported a 30 statistical approach to explicitly test whether the effect of treatment differed between the 31 sexes, e.g., a sex by treatment interaction term. Less than half of the studies that reported 32 sex-specific effects described explic...

The planning of large infrastructure projects such as inner-city subway tracks is a highly collaborative process in which numerous experts from different domains are involved. While performing the planning task, widely differing scales have to be taken into consideration, ranging from the kilometer scale for the general routing of the track down to the centimeter scale for the detailed design o...

This paper develops a method for nodal pricing and market clearing mechanism considering reliability of the system. The effects of components reliability on electricity price, market participants’ profit and system social welfare is considered. This paper considers reliability both for evaluation of market participant’s optimality as well as for fair pricing and market clearing mechanism. To ac...

Introduction In the early 1990's the power supply industries worldwide started to undergo a period of extensive changes. Electricity markets moved away from vertically integrated monopolies towards liberalized structures with power delivery being a bundle of several services mainly including generation, transmission and distribution. One reason for restructuring lied in the expectation that com...

Cloud computing has kept increasingly drawing social attentions in the past decade. As explained in [37], cloud computing may be defined as “an innovative computing approach with elastic deployment of existing computing technologies under pay-per-use model”, where computing resource and service are charged based on time. Although considerable researches have been carried out in market simulatio...

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This paper deals with the interworking between the performance and accounting/pricing functionality of network management from an end-to-end perspective. A careful analysis of the ITU recommendations M.3400 and M.3010 allows the formulation of a general set of ideas about possible synergies between both management areas. This concept is extended to related Internet-driven approaches for chargin...

This paper is concerned with the valuation of options in jump diffusion models. The partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) inherent in the pricing problem is solved by using the Mellin integral transform. The solution is a single integral expression independent of the distribution of the jump size. We also derive analytical expressions for the Greeks. The results are implemented and compa...

The interaction of bondholder's conversion and issuer's call in a convertible bond leads to a game option model between the two counterparties. Like typical pricing models for corporate debts, the fair value of a convertible bond is highly dependent on issuer's credit risk, tax benefits of coupons and other structural features. The convertible bond pricing models in the literature can be catego...