B7-DC, one of the recently described B7 family members, has the capacity to inhibit T cell responses via engagement of the immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif-containing inhibitory PD-1 receptor as well as enhance responses via an as yet unidentified costimulatory receptor. B7-DC is highly homologous to a coinhibitory B7 family member, B7-H1, which also binds PD-1. It is currently un...

Abstract Tim-3/Gal-9 and the NLRC4 inflammasome contribute to glioma progression. However, underlying mechanisms involved are unclear. Here, we observed that expression increased with malignancy found regulate formation activation. inflammasome-related molecule levels WHO grade, this association was correlated low survival. We investigated by genetically regulating Tim-3 its ligand Gal-9. regul...

INTRODUCTION A major pathophysiologic mechanism in sepsis is impaired host immunity which results in failure to eradicate invading pathogens and increased susceptibility to secondary infections. Although many immunosuppressive mechanisms exist, increased expression of the inhibitory receptor programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) are thought to play key roles. The newly recognize...

Cancer immunotherapy, especially treatment with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that block programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) signaling, has attracted attention as a new therapeutic option for cancer. However, only limited number of patients have responded to this approach. In study, we searched compounds enhance the efficacy anti-PD-1 mAb using mixed lymphocyte react...

The B7 family consists of structurally related, cell-surface proteins that regulate immune responses by delivering costimulatory or coinhibitory signals through their ligands. Eight family members have been identified to date including CD80 (B7-1), CD86 (B7-2), CD274 (programmed cell death-1 ligand [PD-L1]), CD273 (programmed cell death-2 ligand [PD-L2]), CD275 (inducible costimulator ligand [I...

Background: Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 pathway is one of the immune checkpoint pathways involved in regulation of the immune responses and suppression of anti-tumor defense. PD-1/B7-H1-blocking antibodies improve immune responses such as cytotoxic activity of CD8+/CD4+T cells and also increase mortality of tumor cells; however their use is accompanied by adverse effects in pat...