Reduced levels of human myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA) gene transcripts have been detected in both familial and sporadic cases of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Numerous reports implicate elevated apoptosis/programmed cell death and death ligands and their receptors in the pathogenesis of MDS. MNDA and related proteins contain the pyrin domain that functions in signaling assoc...

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) remodel the tumor microenvironment by switching a “cold” into “hot” with high CD8+ T-cell infiltration. activity plays an essential role in antitumor efficacy of OVs. However, T cells is impaired programmed cell death protein-1/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) interaction. To date, it remains unclear why OVs alone have significant even when PD-L1 expression persist...

programmed cell death is a highly regulated form of cell death, mostly distinguished by the activation of a family of cystein-aspartate proteases (caspases) that cleave various proteins resulting in morphological and biochemical changes characteristic of this form of cell death. several recent studies have addressed the role of programmed cell death in inflammatory and chronic pain states. casp...