Proline, an imino acid, has been well documented to be associated with the stress response induced by abiotic factors such as drought, cold and salinity in plants and biotic factors such as bacterial and fungal attacks. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling proline metabolism, intercellular and intracellular transport and connections of proline to other metabolic pathways are poorly un...

A cloned mouse liver cell model (NCTC 1469) treated with either ethanol or one of its metabolites, acetaldehyde or acetate, was used to study proline uptake. Beginning with the stationary phase of cell growth, 14C-proline uptake was markedly accelerated by both ethanol and acetaldehyde (p less than 0.001). When ethanol treatment was combined with 4-methyl pyrazole so as to block ethanol oxidati...

This trail was conducted to study the effect of L-proline on the growth performance, and blood parameter in the weaned lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged pigs. Thirty six pigs (9.13±0.85 kg) were assigned randomly to dietary treatments in a 2×3 factorial arrangement in a 20-d growth assay. Factors were intraperitoneal injection with saline or LPS, and three dietary L-proline supplement levels ...

Proline was first determined in 1901 by Fischer (2), who isolated copper Land nn-proline dihydrates from an ester fraction of an acid hydrolysate of casein. During the ensuing three decades proline was determined essentially by this procedure in the hydrolysates of more than 50 proteins by Fischer (1901-ll), Abderhalden (1902-36), Osborne (1906-ll), and other workers. That data of satisfactory ...

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) contain a number of conserved proline residues in their transmembrane helices, and it is generally assumed these play important functional and/or structural roles. Here we use unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, employing α-hydroxy acids and proline analogues, to examine the functional roles of five proline residues in the transmembrane helices of the D2 dopami...

The accumulation of proline under environmental stress is a conserved response of plants. Five decades have passed since the first report of proline accumulation in plants (Barnnet and Naylor, 1966). Many hypotheses have been put forward regarding assignment of a function to proline. These proposed roles include antioxidant capacity, osmoprotection, signaling, developmental function, and contri...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Proline metabolism impacts a number of regulatory targets in both animals and plants and is especially important in cancer. Glutamine, a related amino acid, is considered second in importance only to glucose as a substrate for tumors. But proline and glutamine are interconvertible and linked in their metabolism. In animals, proline and glutamine have specific regulatory functi...

Proline accumulation in NaCl-treated excised barley (Hordeum vulgare var Larker) leaves was studied. Leaves were treated by placing the cut end in NaCl solutions and allowing the salt to enter the leaf via the transpiration stream. Leaves treated this way maintained turgor while the sodium content increased and the osmotic potential decreased. Proline began accumulating after 12 hours and conti...