Among GRAS molecules, α-amino acids have been extensively used to produce molecular salts and cocrystals of APIs thanks their nontoxicity, ready availability, cheapness, zwitterionic nature. Here we report on the use both anhydrous hydrated l-proline (Pro Pro·H2O, respectively) with methyl gallate (MG) selectively obtain by mechanochemical methods cocrystals: MG·Pro2 MG2·Pro2·H2O, respectively....

Proline oxidase is a p53-induced redox gene that can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mediate apoptosis in tumor cells. We report that proline oxidase is a downstream effector in p53-mediated activation of the calcium/calmodulin-dependent phosphatase calcineurin in lung, renal, colon, and ovarian carcinoma cells. The activation of calcineurin by p53 and proline oxidase was detected by...

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. Prior) leaves converted more (14)C-glutamic acid to free proline when water-stressed than when turgid; neither decreased protein synthesis nor isotope trapping by the enlarged free proline pools found in wilted tissue seemed to account for the result. This apparent stimulation of proline biosynthesis in wilted leaves was not observed when radioactive ornithine or...

Uptake of L-proline, hydroxy-L-proline and 5-oxo-L-proline by luminal-membrane vesicles isolated either from whole cortex or from pars convoluta or pars recta of proximal tubules was studied by a spectrophotometric method. Uptake of L-proline and hydroxy-L-proline by vesicles from whole cortex was mediated by both Na+dependent and Na+-independent, but electrogenic, processes, whereas transport ...

Proline accumulation is a common response to salt stress in many plants. Salt stress also increased proline concentration in roots, stems, and leaves of Kosteletzkya virginica seedling treated with 300 mM NaCl for 24 h and reached 3.75-, 4.76-, and 6.83-fold higher than controls. Further study on proline content in leaves under salt stress showed that proline content increased with increasing N...

The effect of wilting on proline synthesis, proline oxidation, and protein synthesis-all of which contribute to proline accumulation-was determined in nonstarved barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves. Nonstarved leaves were from plants previously in the light for 24 hours and starved leaves were from plants previously in the dark for 48 hours. Wilted leaves from nonstarved plants accumulated proli...

Helicobacter pylori is cause of chronic gastritis, duodenal ulcer and gastric carcinoma in humans. L-proline is a preferred energy source of the microaerophilic bacterium. Previous analyses revealed that HpputP and HpputA, the genes that are predicted to play a central role in proline metabolism as they encode for the proline transporter and proline dehydrogenase, respectively, are essential fo...