William Newell’s theory of interdisciplinary studies is a timely proposal since complexity is a keyword in contemporary descriptions of interdisciplinarity. Like any other theory, it is subject to a series of questions: (1) Is the theory generalizable, and is it reductive? (2) What relationship does it have to prior theories? (3) Does the theory drive practice, or vice versa? and (4) Is it frui...

In many theories of decision under risk (e.g., expected utility theory, rank-dependent utility theory, and prospect theory), the utility of a prospect is independent of other options in the choice set. The experiments presented here show a large effect of the available options, suggesting instead that prospects are valued relative to one another. The judged certainty equivalent for a prospect i...

The prospect of using Λp correlations to extract source sizes in relativistic heavy ion collisions is investigated. It is found that the strong interaction induces a large peak in the correlation function that provides more sensitive source size measurements than pp correlations under some circumstances. The prospect of using Λp correlations to measure the time lag between lambda and proton emi...

In this paper, I present a marriage decision mechanism and apply the concepts of prospect theory to explain the marriage entry and exit choices of individuals. I derive several results regarding relationship choices under uncertainty. The theoretical setup demonstrates why prospect theory predicts a higher number of active relationships than expected utility theory, even if the relationship is ...

Brian Faley1,2,* and Howard Chase3 1Clinical Assistant Professor, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy of Rutgers University, 160 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA 2Clinical Pharmacist, Emergency Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave., Hackensack, NJ 07601, USA 3Department of Emergency Trauma, Hackensack University Medical Center, 30 Prospect Ave., Hackensack, NJ ...

Over the past few decades, economists and psychologists have accumulated a large body of experimental evidence on attitudes to risk. This evidence reveals that, when people make decisions under risk, they often depart from the predictions of expected utility. In an effort to capture the experimental data more accurately, researchers have developed a number of so-called nonexpected utility model...

BACKGROUND Prospect theory suggests that when faced with an uncertain outcome, people display loss aversion by preferring to risk a greater loss rather than incurring certain, lesser cost. Providing probability information improves decision making towards the economically optimal choice in these situations. Clinicians frequently make decisions when the outcome is uncertain, and loss aversion ma...