The pattern of proteoglycan synthesis was examined in the cartilages of the anterior and the posterior limbs, the vertebra and the sterna of the developing chick embryo, during chondrogenic differentiation. At stage 18, the limb primordia synthesize small monomeric proteoglycans. In all nine cartilages examined, there was a shift during differentiation from small to larger intermediate forms fo...

We provide a comprehensive classification of the proteoglycan gene families and respective protein cores. This updated nomenclature is based on three criteria: Cellular and subcellular location, overall gene/protein homology, and the utilization of specific protein modules within their respective protein cores. These three signatures were utilized to design four major classes of proteoglycans w...

Heparan sulfate proteoglycan associated with endothelial cells in normal blood vessels inhibits intravascular coagulation and egress of blood cells and plasma proteins, key features of hyperacute rejection. It was shown herein that exposure of cultured porcine endothelium to human serum as a source of natural antibodies and complement caused cleavage and release of 5% of endothelial cell proteo...

The proteoglycan meshwork is deemed to be the main source of resistance to fluid flow in articular cartilage. Maroudas (1968) showed that the decrease in proteoglycan volumetric fraction from the tidemark (bone-cartilage interface) to the articular surface corresponds to an increase in permeability from tidemark to surface, which is consistent with the well accepted “proteoglycan paradigm”. How...

Total RNA was extracted from the cartilage tissues rat Swarm chondrosarcoma, neonatal-rat breastplate and embryonic-chicken sterna and translated in wheat-germ cell-free reactions. The core protein of the chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan subunit was identified among translation products of rat mRNA by its apparent Mr of 330 000 and by its immunoprecipitation with specific antisera prepared aga...

The pathogenesis of intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is not fully understood. The biomolecular signaling pathways involved in the IVD degeneration require further investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of NG2 proteoglycan in the degenerated IVD. IVD samples were obtained from 16 Dachshunds that were confirmed to have IVD herniation and subsequently underwen...

The predominant proteoglycan present in cartilage is the large chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 'aggrecan'. Following its secretion, aggrecan self-assembles into a supramolecular structure with as many as 50 monomers bound to a filament of hyaluronan. Aggrecan serves a direct, primary role providing the osmotic resistance necessary for cartilage to resist compressive loads. Other proteoglycans ...

Proteoglycan monomers from the articular cartilages of the knee, hip and shoulder of 3 subjects (21, 26 and 45 years old) were isolated and analysed. The proteoglycan monomers from the high weight-bearing knee and hip joints were smaller than those from the low weight-bearing shoulder joints and both had a lower chondroitin sulphate content. The proteoglycan monomers from knee joint cartilage h...