A series of 4-N-substituted arylsemicarbazones with increased lipophilicity were synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity. The compounds provided significant protection against maximal electroshock induced seizures (MES) and seizures indicated by sc pentetrazole administration (sc PTZ) at 300 mg/kg after 0.5 h. The compounds 8 and 4 were active in MES and sc PTZ indicated seizure. ...

Alzheimer's disease and Fragile X syndrome both display synaptic phenotypes, and based on recent studies, likely share dendritic over expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) and beta-amyloid (Abeta). In order to create a mouse model to specifically study the effects of APP and Abeta at synapses, we crossed Tg2576, which over-express human APP with the Swedish mutation (hAPPsw), with fmr-1...

Background: Convulsion is a condition where in the muscles of the body contract and relaxes rapidly and repeatedly resulting in an uncontrolled shaking of the body .It is often a symptom of the epileptic seizure. Gap junctions play an important role in the generation and spread of the epileptic seizures .Quinidine being one of the gap junction blockermay have the potential role in the treatment...

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR(5)) regulates the translation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) mRNA. Under resting conditions, mRNA is bound to and translationally repressed by the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). Upon group 1 mGluR activation, FMRP dissociates from the mRNA and translation ensues. APP levels are elevated in the dendrites of primary neuronal cultures as w...

creatine exerts beneficial effects on a variety of pathologies in which energy metabolism and oxidative stress play an etiological role. creatine supplements have shown beneficial effects on neurological disorders including parkinson's disease, huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, alzheimer's disease and stroke. however, the potential benefits of creatine for pati...

background: regarding the prevalence of epilepsy in human society and with respect to inefficiency of the usual treatments, finding new strategies and methods for the medical treatment of epileptic patients are essential. henbane seed has been used in iranian traditional medicine as an anti-convulsion herb. with this regard the present study was carried out to consider the anti-convulsive effec...

Various antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) especially enzyme-inducing AEDs might be associated with increased vascular risk, through impairment of the endogenous antioxidative ability which may trigger oxygen-dependent tissue injury. Lamotrigine (LTG) a non-enzyme-inducing AED has scarce information regarding its effects on oxidative stress. The present study aimed to study the possible modulation of v...

Brain extraction of (18)F-labeled 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) was significantly higher in pentylene tetrazole (PTZ)-treated rats (32 +/- 4%) than controls (25 +/- 4%). The FDG permeability-surface area product (PS) was also significantly higher with PTZ treatment (0.36 +/- 0.05 ml. min(-1). g(-1)) than in controls (0.20 +/- 0.06 ml. min(-1). g(-1)). Cerebral blood flow rates were also elev...

Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) may affect the excitability of brain circuits by inhibiting neurotransmitter release at central synapses. There is evidence that local delivery of BoNT serotypes A and E, which target SNAP-25, a component of the release machinery specific to excitatory synapses, can inhibit seizure generation. BoNT serotype B (BoNT/B) targets VAMP2, which is expressed in both excit...