Pyruvate is oxidized to acetyl‐CoA by pyruvate dehydrogenase which localized in the mitochondrial matrix. The carrier (MPC) composed of SLC54 family members (MPC1 and MPC2) [1, 5], form functional hetero-dimers [9, 8]. MPC expressed inner membrane involved import into mitochondria 5]. Ubiquitous disruption either MPC1 or MPC2 expression results embryonic lethality [11, 12]. Clinically relevant ...

The effects of insulin and glucose on the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate in isolated rat hindlimbs was studied in non-recirculating perfusion with [1-14C]pyruvate. Insulin increased the calculated pyruvate decarboxylation rate in a concentration-dependent manner. At supramaximal insulin concentrations, the calculated pyruvate decarboxylation rate was increased by about 40% in perfusions ...

The heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria Oenococcus oeni and Leuconostoc mesenteroides are able to grow by fermentation of pyruvate as the carbon source (2 pyruvate --> 1 lactate + 1 acetate + 1 CO(2)). The growth yields amount to 4.0 and 5.3 g (dry weight)/mol of pyruvate, respectively, suggesting formation of 0.5 mol ATP/mol pyruvate. Pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated by pyruvate dehy...

Pyruvate is a key intermediary in energy metabolism and can exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the fate of pyruvate during AKI remains unknown. Here, we assessed renal cortical pyruvate and its major determinants (glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, pyruvate dehydrogenase [PDH], and H2O2 levels) in mice subjected to unilateral ischemia (15-60 minutes; 0-18 hours of vascular refl...

Isolated hepatocytes from 24-h-starved rats were used to assess the possible effect of the hypoglycaemic agent 3-mercaptopicolinate on flux through the hepatic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Increasing the extracellular pyruvate concentration from 1 mM to 2 mM or 5 mM resulted in an increase in flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase and the tricarboxylic acid cycle as measured by 14CO2 evolution ...

Pyruvate is an important intermediate of central carbon metabolism and connects a variety of metabolic pathways in Escherichia coli Although the intracellular pyruvate concentration is dynamically altered and tightly balanced during cell growth, the pyruvate transport system remains unclear. Here, we identified a pyruvate transporter in E. coli using high-throughput transposon sequencing. The t...

1. The activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase in rat lymphocytes and mouse macrophages are much lower than those of the key enzymes of glycolysis and glutaminolysis. However, the rates of utilization of pyruvate (at 2 mM), from the incubation medium, are not markedly lower than the rate of utilization of glucose by incubated lymphocytes or that of glutamine by incubated macrophages. This suggests...

Oxamate, structural analog of pyruvate, inhibits gluconeogenesis from pyruvate or substrates yielding pyruvate. The inhibitory effect is the result of a decreased mitochondrial pyruvate utilization. Although the inhibition of gluconeogenesis is competitive for pyruvate, in isolated mitochondria oxamate displays a mixed type kinetics inhibitory pattern of pyruvate utilization. Evidence is presen...

Pyruvate oxidation and swelling in pyruvate solutions by corn (Zea mays) mitochondria were inhibited by alpha-cyano-4-hydroxy-cinnamic acid, an inhibitor of pyruvate transport in animal mitochondria; however, there was no inhibition of pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and malate and NADH oxidation were not affected. These results suggest the presence of a pyruvate(-)-OH(-) exchange transporter ...

Carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) isotopomer analysis was used to measure the rates of oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, ketones, and pyruvate to determine the minimum pyruvate concentration ([pyruvate]) needed to suppress oxidation of these alternative substrates. Substrate mixtures were chosen to represent either the fed or fasted state. At physiological [pyruvate], fatty acids an...