In this contribution, we will study the influence of the three components of the Best-Worst Ant System (BWAS) algorithm. As the importance of each of them as the fact whether all of them are necessary will be analyzed. Besides, we will introduce a new algorithm called BestWorst Ant Colony System by combining the basis of the Ant Colony System with the special components of the BWAS. The perform...

Quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is a well-known problem in the facility location and layout. It belongs to the NP-complete class. There are many heuristic and meta-heuristic methods, which are presented for QAP in the literature. In this paper, we applied 2-opt, greedy 2-opt, 3-opt, greedy 3-opt, and VNZ as heuristic methods and tabu search (TS), simulated annealing, and pa...

This paper presents two k-winners-take-all (k-WTA) networks with discontinuous activation functions. The k-WTA operation is first converted equivalently into linear and quadratic programming problems. Then two k-winners-take-all networks are designed based on the linear and quadratic programming formulations. The networks are theoretically guaranteed to be capable of performing the k-WTA operat...

A greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP) is a randomized heuristic that has been shown to quickly produce good quality solutions for a wide variety of combinatorial optimization problems. In this paper, we describe a GRASP for the quadratic assignment problem. We review basic concepts of GRASP: construction and local search algorithms. The implementation of GRASP for the quadratic ...